Major Theories Of Migration Essay

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Migration Theories and Review of literature This chapter deals with the theories of migration and review of literature of the existing studies. Major Theories of Migration Migration is viewed as the concomitant result of industrialization and urbanization and relates to special differences in employment opportunities. Human migration is a universal phenomenon. It is a process through which people move from a permanent place of residence to another more or less permanent one for a substantial period of time (Chakravarthi, 2001; Chand, 2002 and Singh et al; 2001). Marxian view Marx considers migration as a part of dialectical materialism. Marx in the volume III of capital wrote that capitalism is the most dynamic mode of production in the hitherto history and it creates a world after its own image. Capitalism replaced the existing techniques and mode of production. Under capitalism the backward areas become the centres of reproduction of cheap labour. Because of this, demand and supply conditions of labour are different in different areas. So labour moves to high demand area from low demand area. That is the principal objective reason behind migration. Marxist economists of 1960’s stated that …show more content…

These wage differences are usually linked to geographical labour demand and supply. This resulted in the transfer of labour from low wage areas to high wage areas. Neo classical economic theory is best used to describe transnational migration because it is not confined by international immigration laws and similar government regulations. The basic model Lewis (1954) and Ranis & Fei (1961) that grew out of trade theory assumes perfect market and labour surplus in the traditional agricultural sector that is absorbed by modern sector. Workers in the rural areas are pulled by positive wage differential and migrate to the urban

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