Theories Of Social Learning Theory

1. Identify and explain the challenges inherent to the task of estimating the costs of crime. How do you feel that the costs of crime could best be measured? Support your response. When asked how much do you think is spent on crime in your city.

Researchers have invested decades worth of time and data, attempting to answer the question of what causes crime. The study of criminological theory contains a great number of explanations, focused on discovering why exactly, crime occurs. Whether causations are biological, psychological, or sociological in nature, theory has lead us closer to answering the question of why crime happens. Perhaps causations are best explained using hybrid explanations that include a little bit of everything.

Introduction The topic of this report is gangs, why people join them and the impacts. A gang can be described as an organized group of criminals, social scientists use the terminology most often when describing a group of juveniles. People who have previously been involved in criminal acts, and youth looking for protection or a sense of belonging are highly attracted to the idea of gangs. The reason for joining a gang varies depending on the person and where they live but all have common themes such as acceptance, new experiences and protection. After joining a gang the participates become involved in a great deal of criminal acts.

The social process theory of crime is an essential tool for criminologists and other justice related professionals. The social process theory contains three other sub theories, social learning, social reaction, and social control. The social process theory and sub theories interpret criminal behavior as a purpose of people’s interactions with establishments, organizations, and processes within the society (Siegel, 222). Domestic violence in this sense will focus around the social control sub theory, but any of the sub theories within the social process theory could apply. To use the social leaning theory a criminologist or specialist in the field must take account of the felon’s relationships and environment (Siegel, 228).

Speaking about unsuccessful crime strategies, one of the major contemporary

The first step of the criminal justice system is the execution of a crime. A lot of variation can happen here, because some victims of crime do not report the crime immediately, or they do not realize they are a victim of crime until later. Also, some crimes may not have witnesses, which can lead to a crime not being reported as well. This is a great example to show why the discretionary model is so useful in the criminal justice system, because with so much variation in crime there needs to be a foundation laid down to guide the case in the right path. After the committing of a crime the law starts to get involved.

The differential association theory explains that so-called criminals learn the skills and attitudes necessary for their "job" of others who have already mastered them. According to this theory, the groups teach techniques, motivations, attitudes and rationalisations, like "definitions" that may or may not be favourable to the violation of law (Wright, Millar, 2006). "The theory of differential association therefore says that a person becomes delinquent when definitions favourable to violation of law prevail over the worst." Explains Massimo Pavarini (2003, page 120 and 121) in his book Control and Domination . Joining this thought to Merton; Can it be inferred that if the illegal conditions are more favourable than the legal order to achieve the social, the individual will be using illegal?

Robert Agnew established a crime causation principle around two major concepts. Both ideas results are directly related to crime and show the relationship between the constraints of crime and the motivation for the crime. The model reflected when the restrictions against crime are small, and the incentives for crime are high, crime will exist. Constraints in the form of sanctions and lack of internal control can progress criminality. The motivations, incentives, stimulants represent the rewards that are elevated through crime.

Zastrow and Kirst-Ashman (2013) describe a perspective of Social learning theory in that previous theorists were interested in the behavioral component of morality. This particular element argues that we as individuals gradually learn to behave morally from an early age. As children grow they will be faced with situations that require them to access prior experiences that lay a foundation of expectations and standards of conduct (Zastrow et al.’s 2013). From an early age children view their parents as role models for doing what is right versus what is wrong (Zastrow et al.’s 2013). Sharaf, Thompson and Walsh (2009) provide an interesting example of this regarding suicide risk behaviors for at risk adolescents in that their findings confirm

Differential Association theory is a social-psychology theory that

Crime is on the rise and has been for a while. The issue we face isn’t necessarily more criminals, instead it’s repeat offenders. A question that has been proposed many times is “can you rehabilitate criminals”. Yes, it’s extremely possible. In Other Wes Moore, other Wes faces the challenges of trying to reintegrate into society.

They examine current gang management strategies and see what works and does not. They completed their research by survey. “First, according to the respondents, inmate containment and sanctions were perceived to be very effective at managing gangs…. The second strategy is based on investigations, which if successful, also increases the costs of being affiliated with a STG through internal and external sanctions… Last, respondents placed great value on using the products of these investigations through intelligence sharing within their prison system, other correctional systems, and with law enforcement (Winterdyk & Ruddell,p. 734.

It is important to support children who are exposed to discrimination, but it is equally important to give support to the person or persons that are acting in a discriminatory way. You do not ignore what’s going on. In your setting you are role models. What you do or say is copied by the children. Children are influenced by everything around then whether it is a home or in the community.

Mark Andrew Twitchell, a movie director lured Johnny Brain Altinger into his garage and killed him while imitating Dexter, a television character. Twitchell idolizes Dexter, which is a frictional character from the television show with the same name. Dexter works for the police department in Miami while also being a serial killer. Twitchell made a film which was about “luring a male from a dating internet site and basically killing the male in the garage and chopping his body parts and getting ride of the body”().

Two theories that can be compared are the Social Learning Theory and the Labeling Theory. When comparing these two theories we can use the juvenile crime of stealing to see how the theories are similar and different. The social learning theory basically states that crime like other behaviors is learned. The other theory, labeling states that certain things or children aren’t necessary deviant until society labels them as so. These two theories also have positives and negatives pertaining to how effective they are in the causes of juvenile delinquent behavior.