SCIENTIFIC EPISTEMOLOGY AND CONSCIOUSNESS SHREY JAIN AAA0511 THOMAS KUHN’S IDEA OF PARADIGM SHIFT In his book, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, Thomas Kuhn defines paradigm shift as, A change in the basic assumptions, or paradigms, within the ruling theory of science. Once a paradigm shift occurs, the prior knowledge known to a scientist is rendered obsolete, and he/she is forced to adapt to the new concepts. As a result of the paradigm shift a change in consciousness of a person is achieved
the family system affects the individual and family functioning across the life-span of any Individual functioning shapes family functioning and family systems can create 'pathology' within the individual boundaries, roles, communication, family structure influence family functioning. Furthering the Theoretical background S. Freud, Adler, Jung, Horney, A. Freud, Kernberg, Kohut, Klein, Mahler, Bowlby where in they define Psychodynamic Theory as that involves Classical psychodynamic theory, Ego-psychology
Imre Lakatos in his work “Falsificationism and the Methodology of Scientific Reseaerch Programmes”, stated that “The clash between Popper and Kuhn is not about a mere technical point in epistemology. It concerns our central intellectual values, and has implications not only for theoretical physics but also for the underdeveloped social sciences and even for moral and political philosophy” (Lakatos, 1970). Thus, this Popper-Kuhn debate is regarded as a milestone for philosophy of science in the 20th
Compare and contrast Kuhn’s explanation of scientific revolution with Popper’s falsification theory Kuhn and Popper are two well established philosopher who introduced ‘The Structure of Scientific Revolution’ and the ‘Theory of Falsifiability’ respectively. Kuhn was a critique of Popper’s work. He introduced the terms normal science, revolutionary science and paradigm. Popper on the other hand refuted logical positivism and established the Theory of Falsifiability. He suggested the usage of deduction
entitlements to perform certain actions, or to be in certain states, or entitlements that others perform certain actions or be in certain states. Rights dominate modern understandings of what actions are permissible and which institutions are just. Rights structure the form of governments, the content of laws, and the shape