Thyroid Hormone Lab Report

3. I spent my young life struggling with this disease and my symptoms, my grandmother started having symptoms later in life around her 40’s. C. Possible environmental factors are also being studied. 1. For example, researchers have found that consuming too much iodine may inhibit thyroid hormone production in susceptible individuals.

An unbalance in these hormones would cause changes in the function and structure of the gland. In the setting where there isn’t a sufficient amount of Thyroxin synthesized by the gland, there is an increase in TSH production. Over production of TSH causes hyperplasia of the gland just to match normal thyroid levels. This would then cause a goiter to form. When the goiter is grown significantly, pressure is put on the esophagus and trachea, causing respiratory

The PTH helps control the calcium and phosphorus levels in the blood stream. So, without the secretions of the PTH, the human body will slowly start to shut down. Consequently, the parathyroid hormone is not ‘awake’ like the rest of the body is. Hypoparathyroidism can be triggered by “something that develops in childhood” or the adult life (Hypoparathyroidism). It can even be congenital, meaning, someone can be born with this disorder, or it can be inherited (Hypoparathyroidism).

Graves' disease only affects about 2-3% of the population (“About Graves’ Disease”). It's a very rare disease that is not taken as seriously as it should be by people. Graves' disease is an autoimmune thyroid disease. This disorder results in the overproduction of the thyroid hormone which is called hyperthyroidism. Graves' disease is an uncommon disease, but is usually found throughout women under the age of 40.

Myxedema is the severest form of hypothyroidism and at this stage there is a swelling and thickening of the skin and if left untreated myxedema can lead to coma and death…this is because the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough of the much needed thyroid harmones that the body needs to function

For example, a lump of fat on the back of the neck and weight gain in face and neck, but thin arms and legs are the two major characteristics of ACTH tumor. Last but not the least, the TSH tumor, which is thyroid-stimulating hormone tumor will cause weight loss, irregular heartbeat, and shakiness. In contrast, the non functional pituitary tumor has no real symptoms during initial stage, but it will cause symptoms by pressing the surrounding structures while the tumor is growing

As discussed with Overtraining Syndrome and Adrenal Insufficiency, hormone levels are varying in an abnormal fashion with respect to the adrenal glands. The hypersecretions hyposecretions of adrenal gland hormones, receptor modulation of their respective target cells, and desensitization of corresponding target cell receptors produce a vast array of ill effects on many other parts of the body. For instance, in the early stages of Overtraining Syndrome, hypersecretion of cortisol is observed. Hypersecretion of cortisol, or hypercortisolism, also causes insulin resistance as cortisol is an antagonist to insulin. This can lead to the development of Type II Diabetes Mellitus and obesity.

By acting in different parts of the body, hormone and its derivatives, such as dihydrotestosterone, determine secondary sexual characteristics (hair growth on the face and body, a deep voice, a thick skin, the possibility of baldness, more developed musculature). During puberty, hormonal change is characterized by the appearance of acne, a jump in the overall physical development and an increase of male sex organs. Normally, for the adult male, the hormone testosterone ranges from 4 to 9 mg per day. What does restrain the increase of testosterone level? Firstly, it is the alcohol, which lowers the male sex hormone synthesis.

Well where exactly do hormones come from? How about metabolism? Or reproduction? Well these functions of our bodies, as well as numerous other functions, are produced by a system called the Endocrine System. On the outside of the body the endocrine system appears as a collection of glands that makes up the pituitary gland, the thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, ovaries (if you belong to the female kind), and the testicles (if you are male). Now this appears to be a complex system but it can be broken into bits to be understood easily.

INTRODUCTION The pituitary gland is a central endocrine organ that regulates basic physiological functions incuding growth, reproduction and metabolic homeostasis. It situates at the base of the brain, under the optic chiasm, inside a depression on the upper surface of the sphenoid bone, the sella turcica1 (Fig.1). Fig. 1

While reviewing the risk factors for hyperthyroidism, according to the American Thyroid Association (2017), risk factors include; female between 40-60, recent pregnancy, autoimmune disease like that of type I diabetes, personal history of thyroid complications, diet high in iodine and family history of thyroid disease. The only risk factor that JK has would be the family history of his mother and 2 aunts with hyperthyroidism. With JK’s paternal grandmother suffering from Alzheimer’s disease, JK does voice concern of developing this mind crippling disease. According to the National Institute on Aging (2016), risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease includes being over the age of 65 with a family history of Alzheimer’s disease.

Along with blood testing, brain studies may be done to see whether or not you actually have a tumor on the pituitary gland. Treatment for hypopituitarism will go according to the various imbalances present. One of the drugs you will be given is probably steroids such as Prednisone. Prednisone will replace adrenal hormones causing ACTH deficits. Drugs for thyroid hormones such as Synthroid will also be given to help deficits in hormones.

It is the property giving rise to the term hormone. Upon the discovery of melatonin in 1958, it was also in tallkottkörtlar of mammals were found there, and the long time it was thought that it was only in vertebrate tallkottkörtlar. This meant that the term hormone was close at hand. melatonin has many features that distinguish it from classical hormones : - It is also produced in many other organs like the eye, bone marrow, intestine and skin.

Each conducts a different function. The adrenal cortex is the outer portion of the adrenal gland and produces steroids such as aldosterone which reabsorbs sodium and releases potassium. The adrenal cortex is vital to sustain life. The adrenal medulla is the inner part of the adrenal gland and produces adrenaline hormones such as norepinephrine and epinephrine that are used in sudden stress

When the calcium disappears, the troponin and tropomyosin return to position, the myosin and actin detach, and the filaments glide apart to loosen the muscle. Going back to the parathyroid glands, there are four glands and have very rich blood supply. Rich blood supply is good since they are obliged to observe the calcium level in the blood 24 hours a day. When the parathyroid glands have blood filtering, they expose the amount of calcium existing in the blood and behave by producing more or less parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH is released to regulate calcium levels in a body.