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Tianxia Theory

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1. To what extent was China’s international behavior in the last decade (2005-2014) demonstrating the resurrection of Tianxia worldview proposed by Zhao Tingyang? Support your arguments with concrete examples.

Some Chinese scholars regarded that the existing international relations theory is more in favour with the western world and incompatible in explaining Chinese context. Therefore, they try to seek “Chinese School” which could give a better explanation on Chinese actions. “Tianxia system” proposed by Zhao Tingyang is one of the Chinese School.
Tianxia world view “Tianxia System” originated from Zhou Dynasty. Zhao suggested that the current international relations theories are too focused on internationality and fail to develop a world …show more content…

Second, harmony also means that everyone is interrelated, and so as their interest. It implies that someone’s gain will result in another one gain, at the same time, one’s loss will result in another one loss. Third, the theory insists the common value that it is necessary to include all cultures. That means no state could dominate the world. Zhao suggested that under the common value of inclusion of all, there is no confrontation within the world anymore, and world peace could be achieved and remained. (Zhang, 2010)
Zhao (2006) also suggested reciprocity in Chinese thinking. From ancient China, there was tributary system showing heart-for-heart reciprocity. Tributary system in China evolved from legal tributary system to voluntary tributary system which foreign countries were free to decide whether they joined or not. He also clarified that reciprocity did not depend on how equal the exchange was, but respect a nation state showed. This kind of heart-to-heart deal was essential in developing the harmony of people.
After introducing the Tianxia worldview, the following would try to find out in what extent China has demonstrate the resurrection of Tianxia worldview in the last decade since the idea was proposed. Chinese President Hu Jintao introduced the two themes of Chinese foreign policy, …show more content…

China has been keen on promoting friendship with other countries for last decade. Establishment of Confucius Institutes around the world is one of the strategies. It is also known as promotion of Chinese soft power. The Confucius Institutes have three objectives, to promote cultural exchange, to teach Chinese Language and to help business people who want to do business in China and those Chinese who want to do business abroad.(Paradise, 2009) The magazine of Confucius Institutes is translated into 11 different language to show respect to different countries and the diversity of the world.(Hanban, 2015) The Confucius Institute Project is especially successful in developing countries, but not in developed

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