Tissue In The Human Body

These receive blood directly from the heart. These are the Aorta and the pulmonary artery. The Aorta transports blood from the heart to the rest of the body tissues, whereas the pulmonary artery transports blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs. The arteries need to be elastic because the diameter is small compared to the actual size of the artery. When the heart contracts and pours blood in these arteries, the walls need to stretch to house the blood.

When its full the pressure causes the bicuspid and tricuspid valves to open and blood flows into the ventricles. Contraction of each atrium now forces any remaining blood into the ventricles. The ventricles now contract (systole) and the atria relax (diastole). The pressure closes the bicuspid and tricuspid valves causing the first sound of the heartbeat. The contraction of the ventricles opens the semilunar valves, forcing blood into the pulmonary artery and aorta.

Thus, the pericardial cavity allows the heart movement to be flexible. The pericardial cavity surrounds the heart totally except at the inlet and outlet of the cardiac vessels, where they form two significant tubes. One of the tubes serves as an interconnection to the inferior and superior vena cava and the pulmonary veins, whereas the other connects the aorta and the pulmonary trunk. Blood Supply and Innervation of the

QRS complex indicates ventricular depolarization.ST segment shows the time between ventricular depolarization and the starting of repolarisation. And the T wave shows the ventricular repolarisation. For detecting the heart rate QRS complex detection is necessary. Among all the waves in the signal the QRS complex has higher

The heart, blood, and blood vessels all form the circulatory system, also known as the cardiovascular system. As one of the most important systems in the human body, the circulatory system transports oxygen, nutrients, and hormones and removes any waste products. Without the circulatory system, your organs wouldn't be able to function, causing death. With the blood vessels taking blood around the body, the heart pumps all this blood. According to Ballard, "Inside the heart there are four spaces called chambers.

CO2 is then expelled and O2 enters the bloodstream, from there the re-oxygenated blood flows into organs and tissues expelling CO2 from and replacing it with oxygen. The blood finally pumps back to the atrium where the process begins again. (University of Waikato) (See fig.5 ) In humans, blood enters the heart from the posterior and anterior veins vena cava which carries de-oxygenated blood from parts of the body into the right atrium. From the right atrium the blood flows into the right ventricle and through the tricuspid valve which shuts when the ventricle is full. The blood exits the heart through the pulmonic valve, into the pulmonary artery and then into the lungs where gas exchange occurs.

The heart may have the sinoatrial node (SA node) to trigger contraction, but in order for us to breath our nervous system has to signal for us to begin the process of ventilation (breathing). Our brain stem has three parts to it, but only the pons and medulla oblongata play a key role in breathing. The medulla helps set the respiratory rhythm by receiving and sending impulses to a bundle of neurons called the ventral respiratory group to the phrenic nerve to bring about contraction in the diaphragm and external intercostal muscles. All this only happens though due to the sensors of the chemoreceptors. The chemoreceptors located in the medulla and carotid and aortic bodies detect a rise in carbon dioxide (CO2).

Once the blood has been expelled from the atria, the ventricular atrial valves between the atria and the ventricles close. This prevents backflow of blood into the atria. The closure of these valves produces the familiar sound of the heartbeat. They last for about 0.1 s. 2. Ventricular systole.

It is an elongated muscle which allows for slow and regular contractions. The nuclei of the smooth muscle cells are centrally located and elongated, similarly to the shape of the cell. In pulmonary blood vessels and the bronchus, this muscle is used to maintain the shape and rigidity of the structure, which it does so involuntarily. The function of the pulmonary vein is the opposite to that of the pulmonary artery, in being that the pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood back to the heart in order for the blood to be pumped around the body. Similarly to the pulmonary artery, the pulmonary vein has very thin walls although the vein’s walls are even thinner than those of the pulmonary artery due to the wider lumen and low pressure of the blood.

An oxygen mask is paced over the patient’s nose and mouth then be asked to inhale. He/she will receive oxygen through a ventilator if one is unable to breathe on their own.  Oxygen Chamber – The oxygen chamber or also known as the hyperbaric oxygen chamber has twice the pressure of normal air. Your doctor may place you in this chamber to quickly increase the oxygen levels in the blood. This is usually used in severe cases of CO poisoning.