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Tomato Health Management: A Case Study

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Tomato health management can b particularly changing due to resistant being overcome by new pathogen races and to introduction of new pathogens by global agriculture markets. The most important gene family involved in the recognition of pathogen examine in tomato has been the resistance genes (R-genes). Avirulent (Avr) pathogen recognition is done by R-genes and initiation of defence mechanism in the form of hypersensitive response (HR). Plant immune system can also respond to an infection through sensitization of their basal immune system that shares elements with the R-gene mediated response (Postel and Kemmerling 2009).
PSEUDOMONAS SYRINGAE PV.TOMATO STRAINS AvrPto AND AvrPtoB:
In tomato, the resistance against Pst which causes the bacterial speck disease of tomato, occurs upon the recognition of type III effectors (AvrPto or AvrPtoB) by the R protein Pto that is serine / threonine protein kinase (Pedley and Martin 2003). Pto is isolated from the wild specie S. pimpinellifolium, acts in concert with Prf that is nucleotide binding lucine-rich repeat protein to activate the variety of defence mechanisms, including HR (Salmeron et al., 1996). There are more than 50 classes of type III …show more content…

The physical interaction between AvrPto and Pto was tested by using yeast two-hybrid system (Scofield et al., 1996). A highly significant interaction between AvrPto and Pto was found; AvrPto did not interact with several other closely related protein kinases (e.g Fen, Ptil) and mutation in either Pto or AvrPto that abolished the interaction of the proteins in yeast also eliminated the ability of the proteins to elicit the HR in plant leaves. Deletion and random mutagenesis studies investigated which of the 164 amino acid residues of AvrPto are required for the interaction with Pto (Scofield et al.,

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