INTRODUCTION
Train to Pakistan written in 1956, differs from the most of the novels on the partition in respect of canvas and unity of time, place and action. It has greater unity of time and place, it action centers in the vicinity of Mano Majra and it covers a period of not more than a month. Perhaps this is an important factor that enables Khushwant Singh to transform the horrendous raw theme into a fine fiction that is steeped in human compassion and love. Train to Pakistan is a historical novel by Khushwant Singh. It recounts the Partition of India in August 1947.
Khushwant Singh’s name is bound to go down in Indian literary history as one of the finest historians and novelists, a forthright political commentator, and an outstanding observer and social critic. Train to Pakistan deals with the period
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Daily life at Mano Majra runs parallel with the systematic arrivals and departures of trains there. “All this has made Mano Majra very conscious of trains. Before daybreak, the mail train rushes through on its way to Lahore, and as it approaches the bridge the driver invariably blows two long blasts of whistle. In an instant, all Mano Majra comes awake. Crows begin to caw. The Mullah at the mosque knows that it is time for the Morning Prayer. By the time the 10.30 morning passenger train from Delhi comes in, life in Mano Majra has settled down to its dull daily routine. Men are in the fields… as the mid-day express goes by, Mano Majra stops to rest… when the evening passenger from Lahore comes in everyone gets to work again.” All this stands in contrast with the new found situation in Mano Majra with the succession of national government which finds a laconic description in the second part of the novel named “Kalyug”. The first visible effect is in the running of train that disrupts normal life of
Beller opens up his story with a tone of confusion and cluster. People are walking around the city all moving in the same direction and the bells of Grace Church are pealing. And as he describes the people leaving he describes all they pass on their path away from the scene. He tells of cars
When I took them over and as he handed me the new work he would say quickly and sharply, "Hurry!" And when he did not say it in words he looked at me and I seemed to hear even more plainly, "Hurry!" I hurried but he was never satisfied. By looks and manner he made me feel that I was not doing enough Late at night when the people would stand up and begin to fold their work away and I too would rise, feeling stiff in every limb and thinking with dread of our cold empty little room and the uncooked rice, he would come over with still another coat.”
Her magnificent beauty would stand out in a crowd as she walk by. Arzaylea distracted many men making the other women and wives in the village envy her. On one normal morning, as Arzaylea followed her daily routine of going to the market and going back home to cook for her family, she passed by a married couple who had just moved into the village a couple days ago. As she strolled by, her charming looks caught the husband’s attention causing his wife to hate and envy Arzaylea. Day after day, the husband would come out in the morning to watch Arzaylea pass by on her way back home.
We always left the house at 7:30, Karla supposed to be at work at 8:00, and it would take only 15 minutes to arrive. Not long ago, one cold and snow day, Karla and I just left the home, and like always Karla turn on the car and a cigar, but that day an unexpected action passed, a woman knock at her window. Karla with confidence opened the window and she asked “What happen?” without even said Good Morning or at least hello. The woman was shaking for the cold; which is Karla’s neighbor, and with fear she asked Karla to pass some battery since her car run off and she was not able to take her kids to school.
A deep silence always surrounded the mountains; even the wind seemed to carry it, spreading it through every valley and cave. We stopped walking at daybreak every day, today when I looked up to see the group stopped I fell onto my backpack and looked around with my elbows in the snow. The sun rose below me seeming to rest on the top of the mountains. Gone was the familiar terrain, the herds of wild yak and horses keeping us company, and the rolling green of the hills. Today the sun was not rising above me.
Vivid descriptions of the wind such as its’ “rattl[ing] the tops of garbage cans”, “dirt and dust and grime”, and “grit sting[ing] skins” create a sense of chaos that is common in the busy hustle of city life. The cold wind also “violent[ly] assault[s]” the residents of the city, allowing the reader to envision the truly excruciating and harrowing journey people in the urban setting must make regularly. Additionally, asyndeton is utilized masterfully throughout the passage to demonstrate the disarray caused by the wind. The wind finds “theater throwaways, announcements of dances and lodge meetings, the heavy waxed paper that loaves of bread had been wrapped in, the thinner waxed paper that enclosed sandwiches, old envelopes, newspapers.” This extensive list without the use of conjunctions speeds up the reading allowing a fast pace similar to the rapid attacks of the wind, enabling the reader to visualize the onslaught on the citizens.
The approach of autumn was well on its way. “Autumn’s hand was lying heavy on the hillsides. Bracken was yellowing, heather passing from bloom, and the clumps of wild-wood taking the soft russet and purple of decline. Faint odors of wood smoke seemed to fit over the moor, and the sharp lines of the hill fastnesses were drawn as with a graving-tool against the sky.” As Ellie drove down the road she was much more aware of all her surroundings.
At the news-stand she bought a copy of ‘Town Tattle’ and a moving-picture magazine and, in the station drug store, some cold cream and a small flask of perfume. Upstairs, in the solemn echoing drive she let four taxi cabs drive away before she selected a new one, lavender-colored with grey upholstery, and in this we slid out from the mass of the station into the glowing sunshine. But immediately she turned sharply from the
Print. Khan, Sayeed Hasan. The Vietnam Conflict. Lahore: All-Pakistan Youth Movement, 1967.
1. How has Tetra Pak’s Chinese recycling chain been reconceptualized by the end of the case? Draw a recycling-chain map to compare the original and current concepts. In 1998, Tetra Pak’s china set up the environmental department and focused on the creating the recycling chain, during that time the society of China still didn’t have a clear concept about recycling and the Tetra Pak want to take a step on the end- of- life recycling, therefor, Tetra Pak try to develop a new recycling chain in China.
At sunrise animals wake up and move across the colourful plains to venerate the newborn king. The king’s successor, just a baby, is held up in the sun to be adored by the subjects. Quite the opposite is the place of hyenas and the dwelling place of Scar. Dark and almost desaturated colours here bring in an air of gloominess connected with the “dark” character of the king’s rival.
Khushwant Singh’s Train to Pakistan recounts the event of the Partition of India, which happened in 1947. Set in a fictional village of Mano Majra, the novel aims to depict the cultural and political clash between the Sikhs, Hindus, and Muslims and, by following the development of the characters, unveil the moral of humanity. Throughout the novel, Singh portrays the experience of conflict that each character, including Juggut Singh, Iqbal Singh, and Hukum Chand, has to deal with. Based on the characters’ development, Singh’s goal is to present the idea that love always conquers the power of violence and ethnic antagonism. Singh starts off with a description of the Partition and of Mano Majra, a habitat for Sikhs, Hindus, and Muslims.
We could get inside one of dormitory areas that was open for tours and we were amazed at the sudden quietness that came with entering. Almost as if it were a gate way to a different realm we went through one hallway from the street and into the complex. What greeted us was not an eerie quietness but a peaceful one that was strange as the noise of the cars could not be heard over the Victorian architecture but only the distant sound of a police or fire truck siren. Along with the sound of chirping of birds living in the trees within the center green of this area, astonishing us that even with all the industrialization that went on nature could still exist within a
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