Allport's Theory Of Personality

The counter-argument to this is that individuals will adapt their behaviour to fit the situation, and generally demonstrate some pare of their personality in a given situation (Coaley, 2014). However, personality is a broad and rather ambiguous concept, meaning that is it difficult to define succinctly; and yet how we define it plays a crucial part in how we investigate it. Eysenck’s theory of personality concluded that there were 3 dimensions: extraverted-introverted, neuroticism-stability, psychoticism-socialisation (Eysenck & Eysenck, 1964). With the broadening field of psychometrics, the Eysencks were the first to make their approach more quantifiable and legitimate than others had been in the past. Eysenck published the Eysenck Personality Inventory (EPI) in 1964 – a uni-dimensional self-report questionnaire consisting of 57 items.

Additionally, specific patterns and biases an individual uses when forming impressions based on a limited amount of initial information about an unfamiliar person. While on the other hand, there are parts of the impression formation process that are context dependent, individuals also tend to exhibit certain tendencies in forming impressions variety of situations. There is not one single implicit personality theory used, but different approaches the task of impression formation in his or her own unique way. Moreover, there are some components of implicit personality theories that are consistent across individuals, or within groups of similar individuals. These components are of particular interest to social psychologists because they have the potential to give insight into what impression one person will form of another (Millon, 2003).

The first one is the fact that people cannot be think as separate from their relationships. Since relationships are one of the core factors in our life, it would be inevitable to be effected by them in different ways. The way we chose to deal with these relationships may be maladaptive and we need to learn a better way of dealing. PIT enables the therapist and patient to work on the present feelings and thoughts, which may arise in current therapeutic relationship. Even if these feelings and thoughts appears in the therapy sessions, they are also patterns of thinking and feeling in real life settings.

Karl Lagerfeld once said, “Personality begins where comparison ends”. When trying to figure out who you are as a person and what your personality is like it is often tempting to compare your personality traits and states to those of the people around you. However, this is tends to do more to confuse than help when trying to figure out your own personality. Only by looking at yourself and the bigger picture your personality traits and states create that you can truly understand yourself and your personality. The two assessments taken before this assignment are designed to help with this process.

Cattell and Herbert Eber. Cattell assembled all personality trait names and using factor analysis he reduced them to a smaller number of independent dimensions called primary factors. This factor analysis led to the identification of what he described as “the primary source traits of personality”. He described ‘source traits’ as the causes that determine the overt behavior of an individual, which he called as ‘surface traits’. There are 46 surface traits and 16 source

There are many concepts that underpin discrimination and many theories to draw from this paper will detail and explore the definitions, concepts, and theories such as Stereotyping, Social Identity Theory, and Conflict Theory which are all to the fore in prejudice and discrimination. It will seek to examine current research and suggest strategies based on best practice and evidence to combat discrimination and prejudice within organisations to allow for a healthy productive workforce. Prejudice is an unjustified or incorrect negative attitude in the direction of an individual based exclusively on the individual’s affiliation with a social group, a prejudiced person might not act on their attitude.

For example, many people have criticized Maslow saying that the theory wouldn’t apply to different cultures. Additionally, several individuals have said that the needs of people from different genders or ethnicities don’t necessarily fit the guidelines. After the initially theory, Maslow said that the needs aren’t necessarily strictly defined, but the major concept still applies. Despite the weaknesses, the strengths of the theory are still valid. It allows psychologists and other people to identify and rationalize the behaviors of different people.

Introduction Cultural differences has been one of the research interests of psychologists since culture shape how we perceive the outside word. Culture does influence process of perception and attention. During the process of perception, people from western culture tend to be context-independent while people from eastern culture tend to be context-dependent. These cultural differences can be attributed to different social practices (Nisbett, & Miyamoto, 2005). Some scholars also proposed that cultural differences influence formation of individualism and collectivism, which further influence many factors, including cognitive style (Oyserman, & Lee, 2008).

This theory’s main focus is on how personality differs from one individual to the next. A lot of traits are perceived as very similar such as the traits introverted and shyness. Therefore, these two traits can be put into the same category and cause people to make predictions about others based on that small amount of verification. The five traits in a The Big Five Theory are all traits that have been categorized down from 200 possible traits bringing the traits with the slightest similarities into one of the five categories (Openness, Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and Neuroticism). These traits can then be rated stronger or weaker in individuals to determine general personality and “assess how much of each of the big five factors you possess” (Your Dictionary, 2017).

The TPB is refers to an individual’s perception of the presence or absence of requisite resources or opportunities necessary for performing a specific behavior (Ajzen @ Madden, 1986). This theory also was intended to explain all behaviors over the people that have ability to exert self-control. As in TRA, it includes behavioural attitudes, subjective norms, intention to use and actual use but in TPB the functional is more to application this theory. This theory interprets behavioural control as a perceived construct. Perceived behavioural control mediates the effects of control belief and perceived facilitation.