Transco Case Study

1. Generating companies (Genco’s): This is an organization which takes responsibility for maintaining and operating generating plants in the generation sector which are operated by private firms and in some cases they are the owners of some firms. Some individual firms and Genco bids the power into the competitive market place, where the remaining individual’s don’t market their output (which will be utilized for their own utilization).
2. BOT (Build operate and transfer)/independent power producers(IPP): These are private entities which includes generating firms and their servicing entities and the power output is marketed by itself to a trading utility or directly to load.
3. Transmission companies(Transco’s): Transco acts as a medium

In several deregulated systems, Disco’s functions along with the retailer’s in which direct contracts are made with the Genco’s or power is obtained from the market places. However distribution companies in deregulation are restricted only to maintain the distribution network and to provide the electricity delivering facilities, in this case retailers utilizes the distribution network and sell power to end users. Here distribution companies obtains revenue by charging the utilities for the utilization of its network.
5. Retail energy service companies/retailers : Retailers are separate entities which sell power to end consumers. These are similar to the retail firms as in case of regulated power systems. These retailers does not own any delivering network they just buy power from the Genco’s and sells it directly to the end users utilizing Disco’s network as a medium for which they are charged by the distribution companies.
6. Independent system operator

Scheduling coordinators (SCs): Market participants can enter into an SC’s market under SC’s rules through bilateral and multilateral contractors. SC’s aggregate participants in the energy trade, and are free to use protocols that differ from the pool rules.
9. Consumers: Consumer is the utility that consumes power. These consumers differ from the regulated consumers as they have a choice to select the utility to supply the electricity. Additionally it may buy power from the spot market by bidding or it can purchase directly from the Genco’s.
2.2.2.4 Modifications in electricity billing: In case of regulated power system, electricity bill consists of a single amount that has to be paid by user towards generation, transmission and remaining costs. But in deregulated power system, electricity price gets segregated. Though the prices segregated they may not be visible in electricity bill. 2.2.2.5 Existing Deregulation Models: Power system across the globe is reshaping towards deregulation. Various deregulation models can be classified as
A. Pool model: In this model of deregulated electricity model entire electricity model is diversified into generating companies (Gencos), transmission companies