Transmission Electron Microscopy Lab Report

Ltd. 4 Melting point Sentwin India 5 NMR Bruker Advance II 400MHz 7 Heating Mantle Inco 6 Structure builder Chem draw Ultra 8.0 4.2 Experimental work: 4.2.1 General procedure for Chalcones: 2’-hydroxy acetophenone or 2’-hydroxy propiophenone (0.2ml) and substituted benzaldehydes (0.5 g) were mixed in the round bottom flask. After that 40% NaOH solution (4g NaOH in 10 ml of distilled water) and ethanol were added in round bottom flask. The reaction mixture was stirred upto 6-48 hours. Completion of reaction was monitored in TLC plate (n-Hexane: Ethyl acetate 9:1). The reaction mixture was poured into ice cold water acidify with 1% HCl and precipitates were collected, filtered and dried and recrystalized with ethanol.

In the round-bottom flask (100 mL), we placed p-aminobenzoic acid (1.2 g) and ethanol (12 mL). We swirled the mixture until the solid dissolved completely. We used Pasteur pipet to add concentrated sulfuric acid (1.0 mL) to the flask. We added boiling stone and assembled the reflux. Then, we did reflux for 75 minutes.

The mixture was finally made upto 5 mL with distilled water and placed in hot water bath at 95ºC for 1 h. After cooling, 1 mL of distilled water and 5 mL of the mixture of n-butanol and pyridine (15:1, v/v) was added. The mixture was vortexed and after centrifugation at 4000 rpm for 10 minutes, the absorbance of the organic layer (upper layer) was measured in UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Shimatzu) at 532 nm against blank using distilled water. TBA when allowed to react with MDA aerobically formed a colored complex [MDA-(TBA) 2 complex] which was measured with spectrophotometer. MDA concentration (measured as TBARS) was calculated as

TLC, NMR, and IR spectroscopy were used throughout the process to identify ferrocene and acetylferrocene in addition to evaluating the levels of purity. Evidence: The objective of our experiments was to prepare acetylferrocene from ferrocene. The overall reaction was carried out using 6.1 equivalents of liquid acetic anhydride to 1.8 equivalents of phosphoric acid and concluded with an aqueous workup with NaOH. The initial reaction mixture containing ferrocene, acetic anhydride, and phosphate acid was mixed on a hot stir plate. During this period, reflux was observed, and the mixture appeared dark brown in color.

[Figure 1] 2.2.1. Chloromethylation of poly sulphone 5 g of polysulphone was dissolved in 75 mL of chloroform at 70°C. After complete dissolution of polymer, a mixture of paraformaldehyde (3.4 g) and chlorotrimethylsilane (14.7) mL was prepared as the chloromethylating agent with constant stirring which was followed by the addition of 5% of stannous chloride (by weight, of polymer) as catalyst with stirring at 70°C and allowed to react for 18 h. Then the polymer was precipitated in methanol to eliminate

The mixture was heated at 110 ºC and for 7 h. The mixture was washed with the water and was dried by using anhydrous sodium sulphate [18]. Synthesis of oleyl 9,(12)-oleoyloxy-10,(13)-oleioxyoctadecanoate (OLOLOODT) (5) OLHYOODT 4 (2.5g; 0.003 mol), pyridine (1.66 g; 0.002 mol) and CCl4 (10 mL) were mixed and heated at 60 °C. OLC (16.2 g; 0.013 mol) was adding during 1 h, and the reaction mixture was refluxed for (5.5 h). The mixture was washed with the water and was dried by using anhydrous sodium sulphate [19]. Characterization FTIR and 1H and 13C NMR FTIR of the products was recorded on a Perkin Elmer Spectrum GX spectrophotometer in the range 400-4000 cm-1.

After incubation, 200 µl of 100% ethanol was added to the lysate. The sample was then washed and centrifuged following the manufacturer’s recommendations. Nucleic acid was eluted with 100 µl of elution buffer provided in the kit. Oligonucleotide Primer. Primers used were supplied from Metabion (Germany) are listed in table (1).

6). RP-HPLC program: 0-5 min 5-30 min 30-35 min 20% MeCN 20-85% MeCN 85-99% MeCN 5-{3-(3-N-polyethyleniminemaleimide)propylamidophenyl}-10,15,20-tris(4-sulfonato-phenyl)porphyrin trisodium salt (TPPS-PEI) (8b) TPPS-Mal (20 mM) in 500 μL of dry DMF was titrated to 500 μL of 40 mM polyethylenimine in dry DMF. After stirring at room temperature for 8 h additional 0.5 ml of 40 mM PEI were added. The solution mixture was kept with stirring overnight. The solvent was removed under reducing

A control extract is prepared (5ml of DAE) to a test tube, which is then placed in boiling waterbath for 10minutes, after 10minutes remove the control extract and leave it to cool at room temperature. In order to determine the amylase activity, one drop of iodine is dropped into 21 labelled wells on the ceramic test plates. A reaction mixture is prepared, 5ml of buffer and 1ml of 0.5% starch solution to a test tube. Extract one drop from the reaction mixture to the well labelled T. Turning blue-black indicating the presence of starch in the reaction mixture. Add 1 ml of diluted amylase extract to the reaction mixture.

Subsequently extracted by Microwave at power level 70 for 16 minutes and then filtered. The filtrate obtained, was added 10% HCl (until pH 2-3). Then do the bleaching with NaOCl diluted with water 1: 1 to white. Then converted to sodium alginate by adding 20 g of Na2CO3 and stirred in a mixer. The resulting solution is then etched with ethanol to form sodium alginate fibers.