Estimating the economic benefits of these sites has made significant headway in the past few decades. A lot of research work has been done in many developed countries since the first attempt has been made by Clawson and Knetsch in 1966. But in developing countries, even if national park, wildlife reserves and other recreational areas are playing an important role in tourism industries and economic growth, limited attempts have been made to estimate their economic values. The present study has been carried out due to two reasons: Firstly, in India there is little effort that has been conducted to estimate the economic value (both use and non-use values) of the national parks, sanctuaries and wildlife reserves. In addition the entrance fee related studies also very rare.
This is easily explained: the economist is interested in the production and distribution of the resources available to society. Hence multiple quantitative operations, with quantities of goods, prices and values. The economist's activity ranges from relatively simple calculations, such as those made in accounting and actuarial calculus, to the more complicated ones relating to the search for an efficient allocation of resources. Mathematics then provides tools that can help to achieve a defined goal - the profit of some or the well-being of the community, for example - or to extract information from available data, mobilizing techniques such as Factor analysis or discriminant
• Standard of living tells how fine or how unwell an individual or group of people lives in terms of having their needs and wants met. It includes the factors like income, employment availability, class disparity, inexpensive housing, literacy, political stability, poverty rate, and all factors like that. • Economic growth helps in increasing consumption, improving public service, reducing Unemployment and Poverty which leads to indirectly increase our living standards. • Economic growth is measured by increase in GDP or GNP. Economy can grow by two methods one by using more resources or by using same amount of resources more efficiently or effectively.
(2). Basically, our country is more concerned with how much we're spending rather than creating and saving. It's disappointing to learn that those are the aspects that are being measured. Although the main concern is profit for companies to excel, the other factors should still be measured equally. Another quote by Derakhshani claims that, "A consumer economy only works if consumption of goods provides only temporary pleasure.
Evaluation requires a comparison of the benefits obtained and the inputs needed on different types of land: Land in itself, without input, rarely if ever possesses productive potential; even the collection of wild fruits requires labour, whilst the use of natural wilderness for nature conservation requires measures for its protection. Assessment of Suitability for each use is made by comparing the required input, such as labour or fertilizer, with the goods produced or other profits
Persistent economic growth sustained over a long period of time results into economic development and by this the challenge of wide income inequality would have been catered for. This study deduces economic growth as a state when there is increase in output, employment and wellbeing and can be achieved through enhanced efforts on monetary and fiscal policy regulations, trade and tax policies; through efforts that provide infrastructure and social services; and through employment generation and retention through specific effort in business, finance, manpower development, small business development, technology transfer and real estate development. The study will adopt the real value definition of economic growth because of its tendency to take care of inflation as a crucial phenomenon on finance and
INTRODUCTION Economic growth is defined as the increased capacity of an economy to be able to produce goods and services in comparison from one period of time to another. This is figured by the genuine Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and development, and is measured by utilizing genuine terms such as “Balanced Inflation”. These terms help to remove any distorted views on the perceived outcome of inflation on the cost of merchandises produced. Likewise, Economic growth is related to the high expectations in a person’s standard of living. If the standards are high, it wouldn’t be beneficial for the economy as the working class individuals will face a lot of trouble.
One of the first studies for the evaluation of the value of travel time for commercial vehicles was published by Haning and McFarland (1963). Their analysis showed that commercial vehicle value of time should be greater than passenger car value of time even if no cargo is being carried. Kawamura (1999) defined a commercial vehicle value of travel time with using two different methods; first switching point analysis and second a random coefficient logit model. In his study, he analyzed the stated preference by conducting a survey on 77 trucking companies. Switching point analysis is a straightforward method in which the estimation of value of time based on the level of trade-off where the user chooses to switch from the cost option to free option.
This step consists of the estimation of total number of trips produced or attracted by a zone as a function of socioeconomic, locational, and land-use characteristics of that zone. Till now, the most used method for trip generation is Linear Regression Model which carries problems like imposition of linearity. This is an accepted truth that socioeconomic parameters like population, employment, income and car ownership are not linearly proportional to number of trips generated. One more method used for trip generation modelling is Category Analysis which carries the assumption that trip generation rates are relatively stable over time for certain household stratifications and we have to estimate number of households in each stratum and hence needs large numbers of
The national income from the natural resources is put foreword by SEEA which also gives the effects of depletion or disturbance of this resources . The balance sheet gives the Gross National Income. Economic assets include forests or animals, fish, birds etc. (domestic as well as wild) which are actually owned by institutional units and acts as a source of benefit to their owners . Wind-up: As it was mentioned our nation stresses the need to grab attention on living environment and the point to ponder here is the sustainable use of resources that triggers the wealth and economy of our nation