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Biodiesel Preparation Lab Report

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Biodiesel is a product from the transesterification of alcohol and vegetable oils and animal fats. In our experiment, the cooking oil and different volume of methanol are used in biodiesel production. Different amount of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) which also known as lye was added to improves the transesterification reaction rate. Since NaOH which is homogeneous strong bases is not consumed by the transesterification reaction, thus it is not reactant, but catalyst. When the methanol and sodium hydroxide are mix, sodium methoxide also known as sodium methylate is produced. The methoxide ion, -OCH3 acts as the active catalyst to produce methyl esters. Methoxide ion is the chemical unit that attacks the triglyceride molecules and produces the methyl esters. It is regenerated at the end of each reaction step when a hydrogen ion is stripped from a nearby methanol molecule. The methoxide ion needed for the biodiesel production reaction. CH3OH + Na+ + -OH → Na+ + -OCH3 + H2O Fats and oils are mainly composed of triglycerides, formed by 3 fatty acid molecules bound to a glycerol backbone. During transesterification, methanol is deprotonated in the presence in the presence of NaOH, resulting in a strong nucleophile. This compound then reacts with the fatty acids of in …show more content…

The methoxide ion, -OCH3 form by dissociation of sodium hydroxide into methanol and it is encapsulated into TG-methoxidemicroemulsion, step1 shown the -OCH3 attacks nucleophilically to carbonyl group on TG, which leads to the tetrahedral intermediate formation; second step is intermediate breakdown and last step is the regeneration of -OCH3 active species. These steps are repeated twice to complete TG transesterification. ( Mario Nieves-Soto, Oscar M. Hernández-Calderón, Carlos Alberto Guerrero-Fajardo, Marco Antonio Sánchez-Castillo, Tomás Viveros-García and Ignacio Contreras-Andrade,

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