Medical Microbiology Essay
MORPHOLOGY Rosenblatt et al in 1942 examined them by electron microscope and demonstrated that the tubercle bacilli vary in length from 0.8 to 5.5pm and width from 0.2 to 0.6pm. However there are numerous variations from different ultureand even in same culture. Predominant form is rod shaped with rounded or slightly flattened ends, but curved bean - shaped or oval forms are common. Human form is longer and slender, and the bovine form is short and stumpy. Avian type is pleomorphic on morphological grounds alone organisms cannot be identified. STAINING PROPETY Acid fastness is due to the presence of lipoid fraction containing free hydroxyl groups known as mycolic acid' in the capsule of the organisms (Anderson 1938). According tolamanna the …show more content…
Medical Microbiology. 24thed USA, McGrawHill; 2007, chapter 24, p310-327. Bacilli contain the following constituents: PROTEINS : Non toxic to non-tubercular. But in small doses reaction occurs in infected subjects, purified protein derivatives contain a mixture of small proteins(10 kda). There are 3 antigenic compounds (menses and Hardleberg 1933). But do not provoke protective capacity in body. CARBOHYDRATRES …show more content…
A clinician’s guide to tuberculosis. India: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2000. Chapter 1, Tuberculosis down through the centuries; p.2,4,7,14-17,51-53. The bacillus is filtered in nostrils and adenoids and produce lesion in the draining lymphnodes. The bacilli can be carried by droplet infection. DROPLET INFECTION : With the process of coughing and sneezing, droplets may be ejected right onto the face. Bacilli thus intiated easily take up their place in host without losing much of its vitality. Human type can flourish best when they are immediately carried from one mass to another. They begin to lose their vitality outside human body although they are known to cling to dust, screen, clothes, utensils of the room for several weeks. "Iliberculous carriers may possess thousands of bacilli in throat and nasal passages which when ejected in process of coughing in the neighbourhood of susceptible persons. DUST INFECTION : Bacilli laden sputum spit - out to open public street which is dried, pulvarised, and carried as dust before the bacilli can enter the system of inhalation but its importance is only second to the droplet infection, because thebacilli in dust more often perish. Tubercle bacilli however can remain alive for 3 months in darkeness screen and in protected corners (Frimodt
C221 Task 2 H1N1
740 Words | 3 PagesTask 2 C228 V2 Breanna Bras Western Governors University An example of a communicable disease outbreak that crossed international borders is the H1N1 influenza virus, also known as “swine flu”. The H1N1 flu outbreak was originally discovered in April 2009. The first known occurrence originated in Mexico and then was detected in the United States soon after. By May 2009, the H1N1 flu virus was confirmed to have spread to a total of 39 countries including: Spain, United Kingdom, Panama, Colombia, Brazil, Italy, China, France, Korea, New Zealand, Japan, Ireland, Germany, Argentina, El Salvador, Belgium, Denmark, Australia, Peru, Norway, India, Austria, Thailand Cuba, Sweden, Portugal, Ecuador, Finland, Guatemala, Israel, Malaysia, Netherlands, Turkey and Poland ("Latest news on swine flu", 2009).
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1544 Words | 7 PagesThe virus can live for up to two hours in an airspace where the infected person coughed or sneezed. A person can be infected if he/she has breathed and/or touched an infected area and then touched his/her mouth, eyes or nose. 90% of the close non-immune entourage of an infected person can be infected. The disease begins with a fever that lasts for a couple of days, followed by a cough, runny nose, and conjunctivitis (pink eye).
Meningitis In College Essay
778 Words | 4 PagesMeningitis on College Campuses Anyone can easily get meningitis from anywhere, and it is a serious illness that can affect both young people and adults. According to The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, “meningitis is an inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord” (1). College campuses and dormitories are perfect environments for meningitis to spread. A lot of students are affected and diagnosed with meningitis each year.
The Black Death: The Most Significant Events Of The Renaissance
904 Words | 4 PagesThe septicaemic plague is very rare and transmitted through the human fleas. “A rash forms within hours and death occurs within a day, before the buboes even have
Bubonic Plague Essay
324 Words | 2 PagesThe virulence of the plague bacillus—that is, its ability to multiply in the tissues of its host and cause death—is remarkably stable and vigorous. Once ingested by a flea, it multiplies until the insect’s digestive tract is blocked. When the flea bites another rodent or a human, bacilli are regurgitated into the new host and migrate through the lymphatic system to lymph nodes. There they are able produce proteins that disrupt the normal inflammatory response and that prevent their digestion by infection-fighting macrophages. With the host’s immune response thus weakened, the bacilli quickly colonize the lymph nodes, producing a painful swelling and, eventually, destroying the tissue.
Brochure: Preventing Infection
559 Words | 3 PagesThe title of the brochure that is going to be discussed in this paper is “Five things that you can do to prevent infection”, published November 30, 2012. The target population that this information will benefit is everybody, because infection affects everyone if precautions are not taken. People can be exposed to infection at any location; at home, work, school, church, shopping centers, and even in the hospital, which is why people should be informed on how to protect themselves from acquiring these infections by following these five steps. Summary of the Brochure’s recommendations
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104 Words | 1 Pages•The influenza infection is extremely infectious: When a contaminated individual coughs, wheezes or talks, respiratory droplets are produced and transmitted into the air, and can then can be breathed in by someone close-by. •A person who touches something with the infection on it and afterward touches his or her mouth, eyes or nose can get to be contaminated. •An influenza pandemic, for example, the one in 1918, happens when a particularly harmful new flu strain for which there 's practically no immunity shows up and spreads rapidly from individual to-individual around the world.
Essay On Tetanus
856 Words | 4 PagesThe bacteria are most often found in soil, dust and manure and especially things like rusty metal, the bacteria can enter the body by openings in the body like cuts or small scrapes, although this is very rare, people can get tetanus in their body from bug bites, dental infections etc. There is a higher risk of infection for women if an infectious or contaminated tool is used during childbirth or abortion. There are a number of things that could cause a newborn baby to be infected, one example would be if the knife, razor or other tools that are used to cut the newborn baby’s umbilical cord is dirty this, this could give the baby the infection because as you know, tetanus is most commonly spread from people being cut with rusty or dirty metals. Another example would be if the hands of the person delivering the baby are not clean, this is why doctors, nurses, hospitals and their tools are always very clean, what we call
Small Pox Essay
1149 Words | 5 PagesWith the disease running rampantly throughout the city it was quickly brought up to the medical community where the debate over inoculation began. The debate was whether or not inoculation was safe, ethical, and even if it worked with the majority opposing the method due to the lack of proper research, ethical reasons, and even religious reasons. However one doctor by the name of Zabdiel Boylston took it upon himself to inoculate a group of 282 citizens. Out of the 282 who were inoculated only 6 died to the disease thereby proving that inoculation was not an unsturdy
Essay On Meningitis
988 Words | 4 PagesMeningitis is a contagious disease meaning it can be spread through direct human contact such as infected touches, kisses, coughs or sneezes. Meningitis causing bacteria are more likely to attack the membranes in your brain after a fracture in the head, brain surgery or a sinus infection has happened recently. Figure 1.2 Meningitis is a contagious disease
Handwashing In The Workplace
715 Words | 3 PagesHand washing is a crucial skill which should be part of everyday activities, as this removes or reduces the number of microorganisms from your hand (Pratt et al 2007). This will reduce any potential transmission of microorganisms directly to others or to surfaces where they can be picked up by others. Also patients should be encouraged and assisted to wash their hands (Banfied et al 2005), because the likelihood of microorganisms spreading is further reduced. Handwashing is particularly important in health care workers, because contaminated hands of a health care worker is the primary source of infection transmission in a health care setting. These days the main focus has been on nurses in general practice, this is because nurses are not minimising
Tuberculosis: Leading Infectious Disease Killer
1098 Words | 5 PagesTuberculosis is spread through the air from one person to another. The bacteria is put into the air when a person with tuberculosis disease of the lungs or throat coughs, sneezes, speaks, or sings. People who breathe in these bacteria and become infected. A person may not know they're infected or show symptoms of tuberculosis for weeks.
Essay On Walking Pneumonia
797 Words | 4 PagesEventually the bacteria goes through the smaller airways called bronchioles and lands in the alveoli. The Alveoli are microscopic air sacs in the fabric of the lungs. Alveoli allow oxygen and carbon dioxide to filter through the small blood vessels known as the capillaries within the lungs. This is where the infection will take root and as the bacteria begins to multiply the illness will become more pronounced. Preventing Walking Pneumonia The best way to prevent the communicable disease is to avoid anyone who is infected with it.
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