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Types Of Decentralization

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2.3. Types of Decentralization
Decentralization belongs to many types, depending on the characteristics, policy implications and condition for success. Political, administrative, fiscal and market decentralization are the fundamental types of decentralization. There are different terms and words for defining the types of decentralization and there may also have various ways to operate them. However, the comprehensive approach is more vital than defining. It can be observed that every country has its own type of functioning decentralization and each local department may have unique combinations. 2.3.1. Political Decentralization
Political decentralization involves the transfer of decision-making power and accountability to local levels. …show more content…

It may also take the relatively modest form of de-concentration in which officials at lower levels are given more authority or discretion, but remain accountable to their chiefs at the center. Decentralization could also be combined with the devolution of executive authority to local governments. Delegation is the shifting of functions to semi- or wholly-independent organizations outside the core government sector (for example to independent authorities, or in privatization, to private firms). The major forms of administrative decentralization are de-concentration, devolution and delegation.
De-concentration, which is often considered to be the weakest form of decentralization, is used most frequently in unitary states and redistributes decision making authority and financial and management responsibilities among different levels of the central government. It can merely shift responsibilities from central government officials in the capital city to those working in regions, provinces or districts, or it can create strong field administration or local administrative capacity under the supervision of central government …show more content…

When governments devolve functions, they transfer authority for decision-making, finance, and management to quasi-autonomous units of local government with corporate status. Devolution usually transfers responsibilities for services to municipalities that elect their own mayors and councils, raise their own revenues, and have independent authority to make investment decisions. In a devolved system, local governments have clear and legally recognized geographical boundaries over which they exercise authority and within which they perform public functions. It is this type of administrative decentralization that underlines most political decentralization.In order to do cooperation with local government, central government needs to transfer authority in the case of decision making, finance and management. Municipalities elect mayors and councils so that their own members are able to provide services through devolution. Local governments operate duties and responsibilities in the respective geographical boundaries. That is the reason the devolution system emphasizes on the political

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