Abstract
Appendicitis leftovers the commonest cause of lower abdominal pain. It retains a common appearance at all ages. The appendix is an attachment or adjunct like structure. It is a wormlike abdominal diverticulum extending from the blind end of the cecum; it varies in length and ends in a blind extremity. Early and accurate analysis of appendicitis can decrease the illness and hospital cost by reducing the delay in diagnosis of appendicitis and its associated complications. Accurate diagnosis of appendicitis is a difficult problem in practice especially if the patient is too young or pregnant women in that radiological test have high risk. Thus, ultrasonography image analysis is a good way to reduce the difficulty. This work presents the
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RELATED WORK
Milton Wider, Yin M. Myint et al [8], discusses the comparative results of three thresholding segmentation methods. From this comparison it can be clearly seen that the proposed method is the most appropriate method for appendix image segmentation. When analyzed the extracted appendix image, it can be concluded that the normal probe view is the best transducer position. The Appendix ultrasound images with five different probe positions are taken using Aplio MX, Toshiba ultrasound machine available in the lab.
J. Lam, C. Pahl, et al [9], proposed a series of image processing method including image enhancement, image segmentation and edge detection before measuring the appendiceal. Selection of image enhancement method is made based on MSE and PSNR values while selection of image segmentation method is made based on the segmented image and execution time. Ten trials of measurement by sonographers using ultrasound and measurement after image processing were gathered. Statistical analyses of both measurements were computed. Mean and standard deviation for the sonographers measurements and measurements after image processing are 4.937±0.14mm and 4.613710±0.08mm respectively. Sonographers measurement showed higher variability compared to measurement after image processing thus measuring the appendiceal diameter after image processing can be helpful for a better diagnosis. The appendix ultrasound images were taken using Aplio MX, Toshiba ultrasound machine available
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Balu, T. Devi, et al [11], describes the image mining system that automates the diagnosis of acute appendicitis with significant time reduction. The experimentation methods, results of the testing using real data are detailed in this paper. The data set of 44 patients’ sonographic images collected from a reputed hospital in India has been used as input. The conclusion is that region based segmentation algorithm followed by Euclidean distance method yields accurate diagnosis of appendicitis. The developed sonographic image mining system to detected acute appendicitis yielded a sensitivity of 86% and specificity of
Finally, to apply morphological dilation method to refine the lesion borders. Figure 3 shows an overall system
The still images taken by Nathaniel Oliver a fellow Grand Valley State University alumni are interesting in there own specific ways but there are three photos that truly stand out from the rest. The three images that I believe are unique from the rest are images 7, 14, and 18. Image 7, which depicts a girl blocking some sort of black substance with her hand in front of her face is very interesting to me and seems to have a lot of internal meaning to it. When I look at the photo there seems to be a strong tone which to me is representing awakening or seeing the light. When I look at the girl in the photo it looks like she is looking into the light and is starting to rise from the dark.
Nikkō Tōshō-gū This image is titled Temple Entrance and is a part of the James Davidson collection, which is curated by the UBC Museum of Anthropology. The image is believed to be take circa 1895 [1]. The image depicts the Yōmeimon gate to the Nikkō Tōshō-gū shrine. In the image, the viewer can see two figures dressed in traditional Japanese clothing, the ornamentation of the building and the words “N. 35” and “NIKKO” written on the frame [1].
Based on Westbrook et al. (2011), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is the imaging modalities that has excellent soft tissue manipulation of the images compared to others. To detect pathologies within the body on MRI images, there must display contrast between normal anatomical characteristics and between anatomy and abnormality (Westbrook et al., 2011). In this assignment will get a look deeper into the image contrast of MRI.
The movie Hidden Figures by Theodore Melfi is talking about the civil rights and equality of men and women in 1970 's to 1990’s. The Mise-en-scene means "setting up a scene. " There are six elements that make up mise-en-scene acting, costume and make-up, setting, lighting, composition or space and lastly. In Hidden Figures, the mise-en-scene helps audiences to become closer to the story and have the same feeling as those main characters. The director uses many different kind of shout angles to show the unbalanced between black people and white people at that time and the color and lighting also help the director can present the emotions that the characters are facing different kind of events or people.
The most useful method of detection of a Meckel diverticulum is Technetium-99m scanning. It is a method depends on ulceration and bleeding because to the heterotropic gastric mucosa (8) . The symptoms and signs of intestinal obstruction occur late. Obstruction can occur only if the base of the diverticulum is broad enough to cause narrowing of the intestinal lumen. A mass at the hernial site which is tender associated with nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain are the main symptoms.
1 AUTOMATIC KAPOSI SARCOMA DETECTION USING TEXTURE DISTINTIVENESS Mrs.S.Haseena, Assistant Professor, Department of IT, Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Sivakasi. Tamilnadu,India. haseena@mepcoeng.ac.in, Abstract— As there is a growing emphasis on skin cancer detection, Kaposi sarcoma has recently received increasing attention. Kaposi sarcoma is one deadliest form of skin cancer. The time and costs required for dermatologists to screen all patients for Kaposi sarcoma are prohibitively expensive.
Congenital defects are created due to some embryological mistake that is made between the 5th and 7th week of embryonic development, during which the rotation of the abdominal organs and the merge of the visceral peritoneum with the parietal in specific locations occur. The acquired defects are created after surgical procedures, injury or inflammation
the jaws is gained only in the anterior of the midline, the use of this technique for the calculation of horizontal dimension of alveolar process is applicable to this area only. [49,52] 2.4.5 Panoramic Radiography: The resolution of and the shape of the panoramic radiographs is less than that of an intraoral film but it provides a broader visualization of the two jaws and the anatomical structures nearby. The panoramic imaging technique is distinct because of the magnification in vertical plane is highly reliable as mentioned by Maria and similarly agreed by Lingeshwar mentions that although the vertical details are exemplary but the linear measurements are not and in addition vertical measurement can become unreliable because of foreshortening or elongation of the anatomical structures and landmarks as the X-ray beam is not perpendicular to the anatomical landmarks. [49,51] 2.4.6 Conventional Tomography:
Almost every person in the world has seen a police officer. Most individuals see the police in person every day, but for a few pictures are the only way they can see many different things. Pictures are a great way to see things that happened in the past. It is impossible to travel back in time to see what a police officer looked like. People look at pictures to see what the past looked like.
IMAGE MINING Image Mining is an extended branch of data mining that is concerned with the process of knowledge discovery from images. Image mining deals with the extraction of image patterns from a large collection of images. It can be done manually by slicing and dicing the data until a pattern becomes obvious. Or, it can be done with programs that analyze the data automatically. Color, texture and shape of an image have been primitive image descriptors in Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) system.
Abstract: speckle noise reduction is one of the most important processes to enhance the quality of Ultrasound images. Image variance is a granular speckle or noise that exists inherently in and degrades image quality . Before using the images of the Ultrasound for diagnosis, the first step is to reduce the effect of speckle noise. Most speckle reduction techniques have been studied by researchers; but there is no comprehensive method that takes into account all the constraints. Filtering is one of the standard methods used to reduce speckle noise.
Another study was concluded of contrast-enhanced ultrasonography in the characterization of ovarian tumors. The purpose of this study written by Sconfienza, was to “determine whether contrast enhanced ultrasonography of ovarian lesions provides useful information that cannot be obtained with conventional ultrasound. We used contrast enhanced ultrasound to assess 72 nonspecifiic adnexal lessons in 61 patients. In 8/61 CEUS offered no additional morphovascular information. in 38/61 cases it provided addition information that did not modify the management of the lesion, and in 15/61 cases it gave additional information that modified the management of the lesion.
The segmentation is performed using feed forward backpropogation algorithm. Keywords — Brain magnetic resonance (MR), image segmentation,Feed forward backpropogation I. INTRODUCTION Image segmentation is one of the most important tasks in medical image analysis and is often the first and the most critical step in many Image segmentation is the most important tasks in medical image analysis and is often the first and the most critical step in many clinical applications. Image segmentation is commonly used for measuring and visualizing the brain’s anatomical
There was no sonographic evidence of cholelithiais or choledocholithiasis. HIDA scan revealed sluggish & delayed emptying by the distended gall bladder even after fatty meal with an ejection fraction of <14%. Contrast enhanced CT scan showed a benign appearing cyst of water density with imperceptible wall measuring 3 x 3 cm noted along the falciform ligament between the right and left lobe of the liver suggestive of falciform ligament cyst. No significant abnormality was seen in chest radiograph. Her complete blood count, renal and liver function parameters were found to be within normal limits.