Saturated Hydrocarbons Lab Report
To Distinguish between Saturated and Unsaturated Hydrocarbons
Introduction :This experiment is to distinguish saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons with the use of bromine test. Saturated hydrocarbons are compounds that contain only single covalent bonds between all carbon atoms in the molecule (e.g. alkanes group).Conversely, unsaturated compounds are compounds that cotain carbon- carbon double bond or triple bond (at least one) in the molecule (e.g. alkenes group and alkynes gorup).
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Hypothesis :Unsaturatd
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They both share low boiling points and melting points. Using hexane and hexene as example, hexene and hexane exist as simple covalent molecules. The force of attraction between hexane and hexene molecules are weak Van Der Waal 's forces. Thus, a small amount of energy(heat energy) is needed to overcome the weak inermolecular forces( Van Der Waal 's Forces) of both hexene and hexane. As the number of carbon atoms per molecule incease going down the alkene series or alkane series, the boiling point and melting point increases gradually. Besides, using cyclohexane and cyclohexene as example, they both are insoluble in water. This is due to cyclohexane and cyclohexene are non-polar hydrocarbons while water is polar-molecule. Meanwhile, cyclohexane and cyclohexene are readily soluble in organic solvents only(e.g. Ether and tetrachloromethane). Last but not least, hexane and hexene cannot conduct electricity in any state as well as cyclohexene and cyclohexane. Hydrocarbons are made up of covalent molecules. No free moving ions is present within the molecules to carry charge and to condut
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