From the perspective of urban planning and the socio-cultural structure of cities, the landscape shown in the 1991 John Singleton film Boyz n the Hood brings to mind one of the foremost problems in the field of planning: that of urban decay. More specfically, the film presents some of teh socio-cultural phenomena that contribute to urban decay, such as forms of systematic racism in American life, whereby marginalized minority groups, such as the African-American community are essentially segregated to specific communities, and the corresponding difference in social class, where working class and poor communities are caught in environments of urban decay. At the same time, by presenting the conditions for urban decay, the viewer can also think through some of the positions which could reverse the effects of urban decay. If urban decay is caused by isolation and segregation along racial and class lines, than positions which seek to negotiate these boundaries, for example, by focusing on improving the quality of life of the affected area, can be effective means to reverse the phenomenon. One definition of urban decay is the following: “Urban decay exists in an area where the …show more content…
This is clearly the case in areas effected by urban decay such as Compton. The strategy, in this regard, is to improve the quality of life in a minimalistic fashion appropriate to what the urban planner can do. The urban planner is an idealist, because he or she believes quality of life can be improved; but he or she is also a realist, because he or she understands the deep systematic conditions which cause urban decay. A minimalist approach to urban decay, which emphasizes the aesthetic and social dimensions of the problem, is an effective strategy that combines the idealist and realist motives of the urban
According to William Julius Wilson in When Jobs Disappear the transition from the institutional/Communal Ghetto to the Jobless/Dark Ghetto was driven by economic transformations in American from the late 1960’s to the 1990’s. While for Logic Waquant in Urban Outsiders, thought the economic factors were significant; the political factors were more impact. William Julius Wilson most studied about south side of Chicago it’s a classical example of inner city its wasn’t like before in the 1960’s it’s was a community and by the late 70’s the community was gone. According to Wilson, even though it’s was gone the community was not even a wealth community its was a poor community the majority member of that community where indeed Black American
In his Book, Off the Books: The Underground Economy of the Urban Poor, Sudhir Alladi Venkatesh, explains that in the early-nineties while doing field work in the Southside of Chicago he gravitated to a predominantly working-poor black community near his field site (ix). Venkatesh describes the ten-squared block community as being in disrepair very much like the high-rises that were being torn down in the surrounding area (iv). In the presence of some “greystones” and “brownstones” Venkatesh noticed vacant lots, beat-up homes, and what he perceived to be inadequate city involvement in the community -streets need fixing, and trash pick-up was lacking (x). There were also closed storefronts and burned-out buildings in the area (Venkatesh, 92).
The idea of equality for all people, regardless of their race, is instilled in the American society of today. Unfortunately, this idea has not always been present, which ultimately has caused many issues for America’s society in the past. As discussed in the book Our Town: Race, Housing, and the Soul of Suburbia, David L. Kirp focuses on the inequality that was found between the low-income blacks and the middle class whites in a South Jersey town, Mount Laurel. At the time, the whites had a goal of running the blacks out of the town by making the costs of housing expensive enough where blacks could not afford it. This lead to unequal treatment for the blacks who lived in Mount Laurel compared to the whites when it came to housing opportunities.
In Benjamin Markovits’ You Don’t Have To Live Like This, the reader experiences gentrification and views it from several angles. Because Detroit is a majority black city, being about eighty percent black, the racial tensions are severely heightened through gentrification. In context, race truly makes the first crack in the foundation of the gentrification project. Through the use of stereotypes, Markovits analyzes racial tensions throughout the novel and therefore, better satirizes and negatively characterizes gentrification in the United States. Robert James as a wealthy white man plays a pivotal role in the novel because he provides the funds for the entire gentrification project in Detroit.
These oral stories also help illustrate why urban areas such as Compton and south-central Los Angeles became heavily poverty ridden. The overall significance of Sides’ L.A. City Limits is to document the experiences of developing urban areas and the effect that these growing areas had on the city itself. Sides speaks on how the development of urban areas within Los Angeles contributed to the rise of the Civil Rights movement and to the 1965 Watts riots. The contribution from these developing urban areas led to increasing of opportunities for the African American community such as desegregation and better work opportunities.
A foreign visitor to the United States might be intrigued by the different look of the American landscape as compared to those of Europe, Asia, or South America. With their works, Kenneth T. Jackson and Dolores Hayden both shed clarity on the look of American tracts, malls, and highways with Crabgrass Frontier and Building Suburbia, respectively. Kenneth T. Jackson write’s Crabgrass Frontier: The Suburbanization of the United States to answer the question: Why are American suburbs different from those in other countries? He investigates the dynamics of land use, process of city growth through history, and the ways in which Americans coming taught in metropolitan areas have arranged their activities.
Kids in the most disadvantaged neighborhood, with low family resources, bad schools, and neighborhoods characterized by violence are the ones who are being punished unfairly and are not given second chances. This is because of the discrimination and the bias of the criminal justice system against poor African-American communities, which represent a concentrated disadvantage in that case. Moreover it affirms the theory that the poor are more likely to get to prison because there is a bias in arrest such as the neighborhood social class that affects the presence of the police and their arrests. In that case 6th street is considered a neighborhood that represents communities that are disadvantaged, and therefore the presence of police is greater than necessary. Instead of having the resources from outside to ameliorate the conditions of the neighborhood and improve schools or academic institutions, the efforts and resources are being invested in the war against crimes, but without giving an alternative solution for their
Disco Music during the 1970s Pop culture during the 1970s originated as a consequence of the historical context of the era. The official end of the Vietnam War, the Watergate scandal, and the Bicentennial of the United States all occurred during this decade. As a result, a variety of social groups such as women, gays and lesbians, as well as racial and ethnic minorities confronted the American conservative ideals that had governed American society since the end of World War II. Conservative white Americans reacted to the civil rights gains that took place in the 1960s and moved to the suburbs of the city, leading to city deterioration. Ultimately the decline of the city allowed for the creation of cultural spaces (disco clubs) that in turn challenged normative American social values.
Anderson begins the section by explaining that there are two separate cultures in inner-city neighborhoods. The first are the “decent” this group is defined by commitment to “middle-class values,” (101). However, they are not mainstream in that they
The Pruitt-Igoe Myth is a documentary that explores public housing in Saint Louis, Missouri, in particular the history of the infamous Pruitt-Igoe public housing complex. Pruitt-Igoe was a public housing project billed as the perfect solution in the early 1950s, to solve the problems of slums in Saint Louis and to bring people back into a city that had seen a population decline from previous years. Saint Louis was an ageing city desperate to regain their postwar prominence as a bustling city, but faced many challenges pertaining to the racial makeup of the segregated city and the loss of many jobs to suburban areas. Many whites had begun to participate in what is now referred to as “white flight”, or the migration of middle class whites to
Lance Freeman, an associate professor of urban planning in Columbia, wanted to investigate if there was any displacement going on in two predominantly black neighborhoods that was briskly gentrifying. Much to his dismay, he couldn’t find any correlation between gentrification and displacement. What was surprising to Freeman was his discovery, “poor residents and those without a college education were actually less likely to move if they resided in gentrifying neighborhoods”. (Sternbergh, 19) Freeman adds, “The discourse on gentrification, has tended to overlook the possibility that some of the neighborhood changes associated with gentrification might be appreciated by the prior residents.” (Sternbergh, 19)
John Singleton’s film, Boyz N the Hood, displays the challenging upbringing of adolescents who have to live with harsh conditions around not only their home but also their surrounding town. The film compares the differences between the lifestyles of Tre Styles and his friends’, Darren and Ricky Baker. Darren and Ricky are half-brothers who are nothing alike. Singleton demonstrates the importance of male leadership in a home in the ghetto of Los Angeles by comparing the difference between the lifestyles of Tre and his friends. While many adolescents in the hood have close friendships, some form close relationships by assembling gangs and create a world of violence due to alcohol abuse, which together ultimately breeds discrimination.
There has to be a realistic solution that can be put into motion to benefit everyone involved. Referring again to his article “Is Gentrification All Bad?” Davidson argues that urban renewal, if done right, is not a monstrous custom that it is painted to be; nevertheless, he reasons that gentrification depends on who does it, how they do it, and why they do it. As a resident in New York, a city where gentrification is as widespread as the common cold in winter, Davidson speculates that those who go into a neighborhood with the intention to renovate houses, or abandoned buildings ought to have a good reason for it. The author points out that “Gentrification does not have to be something that one group inflicts on another…” (Davidson 349), rather, he suggests that everyone, the gentrifiers and the locals, be on the same page when it comes to developing their
Title: Gentrifying Chicago neighborhoods. General Purpose: To inform my audience of Gentrification in the Norther part of Chicago around the 1960s. Specific Purpose: At the end of my speech, the audience will understand the meaning of gentrification, how Puerto Rican families in the Northern part of Chicago lost their homes to Gentrification, how they fought against gentrification, and how gentrification is now occurring to Mexican families in the Southern part of Chicago. Thesis: Puerto Rican families lost their homes in the 1960s when Lincoln Park was gentrified despites their best efforts, and today Mexican families are losing their homes in Pilsen to gentrification. Introduction I. Attention: What would you risk in order to continue having a home?
In each of these case studies she investigates several urban projects. For example, in the New York chapter, she analyzes three development projects of Battery Park and Yankee Stadium mostly by considering the contribution of these projects to affordable housing and provision of inclusive public space. She then concludes that New York is diverse, but its policy and planning has led to inequity and a lack of democracy. This problem city is contrasted in her book by framing Amsterdam,as a Utopia where where her criteria of a just city are all met. When reading these chapters it can be inferred that Fainstein believes if a city has a egalitarian political culture, adequate welfare for all, and inhabitants can live in harmony and tolerance that the city will be just and successful.