Urban Sprawl Case Study

2-2 The factors of attraction and trends of urban sprawl - in case study cities -:

Through the study of development stages of urban growth for the Egyptian large cities (over than 100 thousand people) - in case study cities - which located in the middle of fertile agricultural land like any other town in the Delta and the Nile Valley, we can be drawn the Egyptian city that grew in all directions, and overlap the surrounding agricultural with the same urban built-up area, where there are planted areas in many places within the urban built-up area, that it threaten agriculture directly. It is noticeable on this urban sprawl that it had been remarkably only during the last three decades, where urban growth rate of the Egyptian cities during the

These sprawls are lack importance and take random character, so the urban pattern of it is automatically being peri-urban and grid on the outskirts of the city adjacent to the automatic rural urban growth.

2-3 The consequences of urban sprawl- in case study cities -:

The random extensions and urban sprawl for Egyptian large cities (over than 100 thousand people)- case study cities - by brooders and increasing the population densities associated with the rapid urban growth led to aggravate the problems faced by the urban centers and to increase its intensity to the degree that failed with temporary solutions and partial reforms for eradication its causes in Egypt during the past three decades, which has had a range of consequences, including:

- Rapid urban growth and encroachment on agricultural land surrounding the city that represent in: a- Unplanned random urban sprawl, and therefore suffering from a decline in the supply of utilities, health and education services, and the lack of correlation urban structure with other main urban built-up parts of the city, which was able to absorbs times the number of the population, which is absorbed by now, in the case of pre-planning of the

These zones are characterized by internal contrast between it and its neighboring zones in terms of the nature of the urban pattern, which could be called an automatic rural. Majority of these zones buildings consist from one or two floors which build by adobes stones in a degraded state that is a reflection of the social and economic conditions and the way of life of the population in these zones.

- Waste and pressure on public facilities. The unplanned housing areas get basic facilities like water and electricity, through the illegal use of the existing networks in the official areas; leading to high wastage of water and electricity networks, which needs to double the cost compared to the cost of delivered in the planned areas.

- Estimates indicate that unplanned construction is a real estate wealth, In the absence of law that regulates these assets and allows to use it, this wealth is consider as dead capital blocked from participating in economic