Urbanization And Urbanization In Bhutan

Introduction
Bhutan is one of the smallest developing countries located on the Himalayan Mountain. The form of government in Bhutan is a democratic constitutional monarchy. It has not been long since the country instituted democracy in 2008. Bhutan has pleaded to remain a carbon neutral country for all times to come but the unprecedented urbanization in the country is a major threat to the ambitious pledge that it has made to the world.
Urbanization is the process of movement of people from rural areas to urban areas resulting in the increase population in the urban areas. It is also define as the expansion of urban areas. This is in demographic sense but it is also identified as the industrialization which is the main driver of rural populations

Ministry of Work and Human Settlement has started the work of urban planning since 1974 but the government was not able to carry out with the plan due to the lack of financial assistance within the country and from abroad.
Comparing to other urban areas in Asian countries, the urban areas in Bhutan are least populated. Thimphu had with only 90,000 people in 2005 but it has increases to 1,04000 in 2010 with the annual growth of 2.2%. The urban population in Bhutan by next 20-25 years is projected to be 400,000 people where almost half of the population will be living in urban areas. The population in Thimphu has expanded over a past few years due to the natural rise in the population and also the massive rural urban migration. (Urbanization & Development)
These increase in urban population is putting a greater pressure on the holding capacity of the town. Therefore the town has expanded has expanded its area in the north and south of Thimphu which were considered to be a rural area in the past few years.

If further lands need to be brought under the construction of city, certain hectares of agricultural land and forest needs to be sacrificed.
Thimphu being comparatively developed Dzongkhag with respect to other Dzongkhags, the people from rural areas across the country migrate to Thimphu in search of better career opportunities and quality education for their children
On the other hand, Thimphu is restrained with infrastructure development such as improved education, health and the housing facilities to support the increasing population. Bhutan being located on the earthquake prone zone, the government policies restrain the vertical expansion of infrastructure which eventually fails to provide people with cheaper and enough houses in the city.
The Royal Government of Bhutan (RGoB) failed to provide such infrastructure basically due to the inadequate market for the provision of such goods and also the public institution failed to deliver the available services efficiently (Urban Infrastructure Project)
With increasing population, the number of vehicles increases every year. According to RSTA, of the total 53,382 vehicles in the country, 29,139 are found in Thimphu and other major towns in the