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Urbanization In Slums

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Introduction
The villages become growing to towns and urban population has increased due to rural to urban migration. So, the demand for basic infrastructure has been increased in cities. The cities are much more attractive because there are facilities offered in urban areas such as access to adequate water and sanitation, education, health and more employment in non-agriculture sector. The definition of slums is different country wise. According to UN-HABITAT (2003) defines characteristics of slums. These characteristics are overcrowding, location on hazardous land, inadequate housing, lack of basic facilities specifically water and sanitation and security of tenure. Likewise UNDP defines a slum as lacking in access to water, access to sanitation, sufficient living area, durability of house and security of tenure. The alternative words for slums are shantytowns and informal settlements. United Nations calculated population living in slums is around 870 million people, and it was estimated to increase 1.4 billion in 2020. (Mahvish & Hadia, 2014). A third of the urban population in the developing countries is estimated as resident of slums and this number is highest in Sub-Saharan Africa with 62 percent of population in slums as percentage of urban population. (UN-HABITAT, 2008).
The increase in urbanization in form of slums is problematic for the expansion of water and sanitation services. A lack of access to water and sanitation services is closely linked to the people

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