INTRODUCTION
`Violence against women and girls continues unabated in every continent, country and culture. It takes a devastating toll on women‘s lives, on their families, and on society as a whole. Most societies prohibit such violence — yet the reality is that too often; it is covered up or tacitly condoned’
- (UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-Moon, 2007).
Domestic violence relates to the general term used in describing form of abuse between people of the same household or within the domestic realm; whether between spouses, siblings, parents and children, partners living together etc. Spousal abuse, on the other hand, can occur in husband-wife relationships, dating relationships, with common law spouses and also in same-sex relationships (Canadian
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al. (2012) indicated the spousal violence prevalence rate of 47.3% for ever experience of spousal violence, and 32% for spousal violence prevalence in the 12 months preceding the survey.
Spousal abuse tends to have serious consequences to the lives and well-being of families. The American Psychiatric Association (2005) documented some of the mental implications of domestic abuse such as: common emotional traumas such as depression, anxiety, panic attacks, substance abuse and posttraumatic stress disorder. Furthermore, abuse can trigger suicide attempts, psychotic episodes, homelessness and slow recovery from mental illness. According to the documentation from UNICEF (2006), findings have shown that children who are exposed to violence in the home may suffer a range of severe and lasting effects. Children who grow up in a violent home are more likely to be victims of child abuse. Those who are not direct victims have some of the same behavioural and psychological problems as children who are themselves physically abused. Children who are exposed to violence in the home may have difficulty learning and limited social skills, exhibit violent, risky or delinquent behaviour, or suffer from depression or severe anxiety. Given the negative consequences of spousal abuse, a study on the subject matter would inform the knowledge needed in providing useful solutions to this social
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Thus, the theory argues that people model behaviour that they were exposed to as children. By the same token, they state that violence is learned through role models provided by the family either directly or indirectly and reinforced in childhood and continued in adulthood as a coping response to stress or a method of conflict resolution (Mihalic & Elliot cited in Igwe, 2013). The Social learning theory attempts to explain the existence of intergenerational transmission of violence. It is suggested that while children are growing up, they receive feedback from others as regards their own behaviour from which they begin to develop standards of behaviour and seek out models who match their standards (Hyde-Nolan & Juliao, 2012). When a person is raised in a family where he experiences abuse as a child or sees abuse between his or her parents, there is every tendency for that person to be
Intimate Partner Violence Fatalities: Prevention and Intervention Intimate partner violence is considered the most life-threatening and distressing family issue on a societal platform (Hamilton, Jaffe, & Campbell, 2013). The term family is utilized loosely as familial depictions vary, but to be certain the family has two partners that can be diversified roles and gender. By definition intimate partner violence illustrates a pattern of behaviors that are deliberate and intended to gain power and control over another person (Hamilton, Jaffe, & Campbell, 2013). Intimate partner violence does not need to be necessarily violent actions, but can be verbal threats, isolation, neglect, and disempowering tactics. The series of behaviors and violence can hastily escalate and the probability of homicide increases in those relationship dynamics.
Official statistics are an important basis of information to assist with the recording and management of crime. Government websites such as the Australian Bureau of Statistics, the Australian Institution of Criminology, and the Bureau of Crime Statistics and Research contain numerous reports which address many different aspects of the field, such as domestic violence. There are, however, arguments that claim official statistics do not accurately reflect the true levels of crime, and therefore, are not useful in making any significant changes to Australian policy and practice. The International Violence Against Women Survey of 2002-2003 is one of many official statistical publications which look at the prevalence of domestic violence and effectively
As defined in “Establishing A Domestic Abuse Care Pathway”, domestic violence is “Any incident or pattern of incidents of controlling, coercive or threatening behaviour, violence or abuse between those… who are or have been intimate partners or family members, regardless of gender or sexuality. The abuse can encompass… psychological, physical, sexual, financial, or emotional [abuse].” Domestic violence is common, with around 1 in 4 women experiencing it at some point in their lives, and there are many things that need to be fixed about the handling of domestic abuse cases. (Bradbury-Jones) Our society should fix how we deal with abusers, set up an improved care pathway to deal with domestic abuse, and in this pathway improve the response to
Domestic violence, a critical issue that has a negative impact on the Native Americans in the United States. Domestic violence, also known as spousal abuse, can take several different forms, including physical, emotional, verbal, as well as sexual abuse. One in every three native women will experience some sort of domestic violence in their lifetime and most will have nowhere to seek help. Furthermore, men are victims of domestic violence and more often than not, get laughed at and ridiculed when they reach out for help. When people think of domestic violence, most think of physical fighting, black eyes, broken nose, and holes punched in the walls of the house.
The male hormone, testosterone, is implicated in violent behavior. The reason spousal abuse happens is because the male of our species, for many reasons has an aggressive behavior and they often find them expressing that aggression on their family or partner. The spouse abuse has been part of historical roots. If you go through history women always have been bought and sold and bartered, denied education, ownership of a land, and also they not full partners in owning and controlling the most of the businesses or institutes around the world. There some cultures out there that permit more suppressing or threats to women than do others cultures.
Domestic violence is any form of violence against an individual which could be in a form of physical abuse, threats, emotional abuse, sexual assault or harassment (Litten, 2014). For clarification purposes, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (2012) refers to Domestic violence (DV) as Intimate partner violence (IPV) to specify that the definition should be used to refer to violence by one member of a couple against his/her partner. This means that elderly or child abuse that is in the same household is not included in the definition (McGarry, et al., 2014). For the purposes of this paper, DV and IPV will be used to refer to abuse or violence enacted by one intimate partner against the other partner. In the United States, DV
Social learning theory will be used to examine the basis of learned behavior, specifically early exposure to violence, and how the behaviors observed by an individual may later become imitated in one’s relationships. Conflict theory will also be used to examine
To better understand the cause of intimate violence will help to come up will help come up with a better solution on solving this problem. There are various theories that have come up to explain the main causes of domestic violence, some include; learned helplessness theory, Intergenerational Transmission Theory, Social–Psychological Model and the feminist theory. All of these theories have tried to illustrate the causes of domestic violence. In this paper, I will target my writing on the feminist theory where it emphasizes power and gender inequalities in relationships. The theory focuses on how societal messages that makes it alright for a male to use aggression and violence, and the gender roles that dictate how women and men should act in their relationships
Domestic violence in this world begins with physical and mental abuse. However, sexual aggressiveness falls under this category because someone is forcing another individual to perform sexual activity without their consent. Domestic violence is a subject that does not need to be ignored, and most individuals does not know a lot of information pertaining physical or mental abuse. While everyday reports about abuse has taken over the world and the lives of victims, many people are not aware of who are abuse, the struggles that they face, and the humiliation associated with being abused. Children have been found beaten, sexually assaulted, or verbally abused.
Abstract Any evaluation of the status of an individual normally begins from the social structures, arrangements and moral systems which influences social perspectives as it pertains to the characteristics of both men and women roles and positions in society. Society continuously undergoes a criminal injustice towards women and men in intimate relationships. These criminal acts within relationship results in domestic violence. Domestic violence is one of the leading causes of death and homelessness of its victims. A large portion of the US population is currently dealing with the issue silently.
Literature Review “Domestic violence is any act of physical, mental or sexual violence, and any attempted such violence, as well as the forcible restriction of individual freedom and of privacy, carried out against individuals who have or have had family or kinship ties or cohabit or dwell in the same home.” (Law on Protection against Domestic Violence (2005) of Bulgaria, Chapter 1, S. 2) The Domestic violence Act of South Africa defines Domestic Violence as, “any act or threat of physical abuse; sexual abuse; emotional, verbal and psychological abuse; economic abuse; intimidation; harassment; stalking; damage to property; entry into the residence of a person sharing or having shared a domestic relationship with the perpetrator without that
There are many different types of abuse, which include: Physical, sexual, and psychological abuse. No matter the type of violence, it is not healthy for one’s life. Domestic violence and abuse is experienced by intimate partners on a daily basis. Physical violence which is the common type of abuse, involves force, possibly resulting in physical harm, disability, or death. Physical violence involves hitting, scratching, shoving, grabbing, biting, kicking and use of a weapon which causes physical harm to the victim.
Domestic Violence Problem Migdalia Villanueva Kaplan University CJ-333 Domestic violence is a crime that is faced in not only America but other countries across the globe. The overall purpose of this study is to show the impact domestic violence will not only have on the American society but also in other countries, I choose to look at the countries of Canada, Australia, England and Saudi Arabia The first pages of the essay illustrate the problems which have been faced in America because of the high increase in domestic violence rates. As portrayed in the essay, there are several problems which will be similar to the ones which encountered in the different countries that will be mentioned in the essay.
Domestic violence is a very serious problem that occurs all over the world, women are commonly the victims of domestic violence because they feel more vulnerable, also they are often times not taken seriously and lastly women have a hard time leaving their abusive relationships. When it comes to domestic violence women often feel vulnerable because in society the male dominates and whenever a woman faces any sort of violence with a male they seem to be powerless and scared. The article ‘Canada’s family violence rates are staggering, says new report.’ States that “While it’s hard for some to believe a person would stay in an abusive situation there are many reasons why they do: out of fear for themselves or other family members, emotional
“Aggression and related behaviours in children and adolescents are central issues in our time, from public school shootings and similar instances of “children killed other children” to concern about rising rates of youth crime and delinquency in the community, to the relationship between unrecognized and untreated mental illness and violence in youngsters, there are many worries and much debate about excessive, inappropriate aggression in young people in our society”. (Connor, 2002, p. 1) This report will explore the causal elements and mechanisms of aggressive behavior seen in teenagers. In psychology the term aggression can be said to refer to an assortment of behaviors that