Virginia Military Institute Case Study

Allan Bakke was a more qualified applicant compared to some of the other students admitted under the special admissions policy. Comparatively his is race was the only distinguishing characteristic. Allen Bakke sued University of California, Davis Medical School, alleging the special admissions program denied him equal protection under the Fourteenth Amendment of the Constitution. ISSUE IN QUESTION The issue in question, is The University of California Davis Medical School’s admissions policy constitutional?

It was made even more complicated by the distances involved and the changing governmental authorities. (For example, during the process of Rachel and Robards divorce Kentucky became a state instead of a territory of Virginia and North Carolina turned over management of the territory including Tennessee to the Federal Government). Thus, the unusual circumstances of the Jackson marriage were not greatly discussed in Nashville society. However, during the mudslinging in the presidential campaign of 1828, Rachel’s virtue became a subject of great discussion and political spin by the supporters of Jackson’s opponent, John Quincy Adams.

During the reconstruction era the Civil Rights Act of 1875 protected all Americans, regardless of their race, equal treatment in public accommodations, public transportation, and to prohibit exclusion from jury service, however it was not enforced and the supreme court declared it unconstitutional in 1883. The Court ruled that the 14th Amendment prohibited states, but not citizens, from discriminating. This civil rights reversal was devastating for African

(Segal 2015). Basically, the Hollywood production of Stonewall was historically inaccurate for the price of the deep embedded racism within their company, and the erasure of the transwomen of color who had lead LGBT to their liberation were ignored. Marsha P. Johnson had been the one to throw the first brick. In David Carter’s book, Stonewall, he agrees saying that Johnson “really started it” on the in initial night of the first protests. Not only Marsha had been erased, her friend and fellow trans activist, Sylvia Rivera had worked beside

(Note that these establishments are not part of any branch of the armed forces). They have been denied admission on the grounds that the physical training would be too rigorous for them, their presence would adversely affect the morale of the male students, and their inclusion would necessarily result in the reduction of standards. However, the United States Supreme Court discredited such reasons in United States v Virginia (1996), when it held as unconstitutional the male-only admission policy practiced by the Virginia Military Institute (VMI). The Supreme Court found that such policy violated the equal protection clause under the Fourteenth Amendment, which provides that no state shall "deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws."

The second case filed against the University of Michigan is Grutter v. Bollinger (2003). The suit was filed by non-minority applicants who alleged the university for using race as the prevailing factor in admitting students and therefore violated the Equal Protection Clause, Title VI and Section 1981 (Green, 2004, p. 144). In their defense, the University of Michigan argued that the university seeks to ensure their ability to make unique contributions to the character of the student body by enrolling a “meaningful number” of underrepresented minority students (Green, 2004, p. 147). In contrast to the Gratz case, the district court did not follow Justice Powell’s rationale in the Bakke case and the district court ruled in favor of the plaintiff.

He had to work in order to support his family, therefore he left the university. However, Helen Keller graduated Radcliff College, where she earned Bachelor of Arts degree. Though Frank McCourt did not graduate the college, he managed to win some awards for his books such as Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography and National Book Critics Circle Awards. In contrast to Frank McCourt, Helen Keller received the Oscar Award for the documentary about her life and awarded by President Lyndon Johnson for her social activities. Different from Frank McCourt, Helen Keller had never married.

Same-sex Marriage For decades, humanity has been working towards the same goal, but during all these years, people have been unable to achieve it, selfishness is the reason why people are unable to do it. This goal is “Equality” this term is defined as “The state or quality of being equal; correspondence in quantity, degree, value, rank, or ability” (Dictionary.com). This is unachievable due to the lack tolerance between human beings; this is well known in the human species as racial, sexual, religious discrimination, etc. In the modern era most types of discrimination are rejected in the common society, but most forget that discrimination is not only rejecting a person for their beliefs or personality but it’s also denying them the ability to access the same rights as the others.

At an early stage, women were just “housewives”, they were not allowed to express themselves openly, to compete for academic positions and even more they did not have the right to vote. Still, the start of the twentieth century caused changes in nearly every area of women’s everyday life, from the domestic to the public field. An unprecedented amount of women had begun to work in government from the 1930s. However, these political achievements may additionally have had an important effect on the world’s population, but they had little impact on the enormous majority of American women, who sustained to be the conventional parts as partners of men and mothers. The widespread assumption was that the women have to be at home.

Therefor, high school coaches should not be required to give equal playing time to all of the players on the team because it is an unfair practice and stunts the growth of the more successful players. To begin with, a coach should not be required to equally split up playing time among the players because it shields the ability level of each individual athlete, making it extremely unfair to the hardest-working, most-talented players. After all, “Coaches don’t decide playing time; players do” (Bowen). Fred Bowen has coached high school sports for over 30 years and has said this to the parents of every player he has ever had before the season starts. By regarding the issue of playing time outwardly and honestly, he has managed to avoid the issue before it turned into a problem.

The 14th amendment completely rewrites the whole constitution and deems the slaves as full citizens of the United States. This amendment also undoes the ruling of the Dred Scott case which states that no black man has any rights that any white man should recognize. Even with this amendment being passed only two states explicitly allowed black men to vote, Tennessee and Iowa. Eventually because many white men began to find loop holes in letting the black men vote the 15th amendment was passed. The new 15th amendment states a list of reasons that a state cannot allow an individual to vote.

Suttles court case. “[Nolan]Breedlove led to the introduction of the first poll tax constitutional amendment in 1939 and to efforts to abolish the poll tax through State Action”(thefreedictionary.com). After Nolan Breedlove a twenty-eight year old man who was white tries to vote but was denied do to his inability to pay the poll tax. Nolan decided to sue the state of Georgia arguing that poll taxes were unconstitutional due to the fourteenth amendment which states equal protection for all groups. However the Supreme Court ruled the tax still constitutional by itself.

The case that sparked my interest on equal protection was Mississippi University for Women v. Hogan. This case allowed Joe Hogan, a registered nurse enrollment in two state supported coeducational nursing programs, but denied him enrollment in the Mississippi University for Women’s School of Nursing’s baccalaureate program, on the grounds that he was a male. The significance of the case is that parties seeking to uphold a statute that classifies individual’s gender must carry the burden of showing an "exceedingly persuasive justification" for the classification. Also, single-sex admissions policy of MUW 's School of Nursing cannot be justified on the ground that it compensates for discrimination against women.

Dred Scott, slave of army surgeon John Emerson, had travelled with Emerson from Missouri to several states including Minnesota. The Missouri Compromise declared Minnesota a free state. After returning to Missouri, Scot sued for his freedom based on the grounds that he had previously lived in a free state. When the case reached the supreme court, the court ruled that living in a free state for a period of time did not make Scott a free man, that the Missouri compromise was unconstitutional because Congress did not have the right to prohibit slavery in any territory as that violated the 5th amendment, and finally that as a black man, Scott was excluded from citizenship and could not bring suit Abraham Lincoln was Republican candidate in the

Her family had been involved in the military since the Revolutionary War, as Chauncy’s grandfather and namesake, Chauncy Thompson, fought on the American side. Despite the years that America had no warfare, a Thompson male was enlisted in most likely the Marines. Once in a blue moon, someone threw in a wild card and had joined the Navy or Air Force. Ordinarily, a Thompson would not enlist as a soldier in the United States Army. Moreless, a female Thompson would not volunteer for the military.