Viticulture In Argentina
Introduction Argentina is the country in the Southeast of South America that has unique nature. For more than 4 centuries process of winemaking has been developing here. Nowadays Argentina is one of the biggest wine producing countries with its special viticulture and viniculture, wide variety of grapes and winegrowing regions, wine laws and regulations and unforgattable wines that are appreciated all around the world.
History of Argentinean Wines
The first Vitis Vinifera specimens were brought to Argentina in the early 16th century by Spanish colonizers. The catholic priests who moved to Argentina grew grapes by their monasteries and made the wine at these monasteries to ensure a sufficient amount of wine for the community during Holy Mass.
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The Spanish missionaries who came over to Argentina in the 1500s brought with them Spanish vines that they planted throughout the country. Due to he country's great climate and soil, vineyards span the entire length of the country. Buds in the vineyards begin growing in October, and harvesting of the grapes begins in February. Argentina still uses predominately human labor for every step in the cultivation process rather than using machinery. The most important white variety grown in Argentina is Chardonnay, and the most important red varieties grown are Cabernet Sauvignon and Malbec.
Argentina's vinification practices consists of planting and growing grapes, harvesting grapes, destemming grapes, crushing grapes, pressing grapes, primary fermentation, secondary fermentation, purifying and refining, preserving, premarket aging, bottling, labeling, storing and bottle aging. Primary fermentation takes about a month and secondary fermentation takes 3-6 months. Red wine needs to bottle age for 2-10 years in oak barrels, whereas white wine does not need bottle aging.
Wine Regions and Grapes of
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The main grape varieties are Malbec, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Tannat.
Tucuman: The main region within Tucuman is Colalao del Valle. The grapes that are grown here are Tannat, Malbec, Syrah, Bonarda, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Torrontes.
Catamarca: The main regions in Catamarca are Tinogasta, Santa Maria, Belen which are irrigated by the Abaucan River. The main grape varieties are Torrontes, Syrah, Malbec, and Cabernet
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