Waste Management Literature Review
2 LITERATURE REVIEW
This literature review will attempt to help in understanding of waste management practice. The researcher acknowledges the fact that there is some literature on waste management. Most of the literature review was from journals. In this section the main purpose was to review issues related to waste management practices that has been investigated by other researchers, in order to gain more insight into the subject study and avoid duplications of efforts in this area.
2.1 Solid Waste Management Hierarchy MSWM practices between countries are distinct; in most however, relevant services are rendered by the (local) government or private service providers and may be carried out by employing the hierarchy of waste management.
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This is a result of the concentration of mining activities and fertilizer production in the two provinces. The average amount of waste generated per person per day in South Africa is 0.9 kg. This is closer to the average waste produced in developed countries (0.73 kg in the UK and 0.87 kg in Singapore), compared to the average in developing countries such as 0.3 kg in Nepal. By far the biggest contributor to the solid waste stream is mining waste (72.3%), followed by pulverized fuel ash (6.7%), agricultural waste (6.1%), urban waste (4.5%) and sewage sludge (3.6%). (Muzenda, …show more content…
There are three major phases of wastes collection in Africa, the informal phase, primary and secondary phase. Informal and primary phases are basically the ones from household to community collection points, formal institutions such as urban councils and private operators are the ones in charge of the secondary phase. Wastes are usually transported from community transfer points to or disposal sites. Private operators have also been utilized in waste collection. Collecting waste directly from households by door to door approach is typical of countries in East African urban centres where waste collection in shopping malls and their environs have been contracted out to the private waste
How Farmers Are Going To Save Civilization
1175 Words | 5 PagesWaste products have been increasing considerably as they are threatening our environment and causing serious issues due to the modernization and progression of industry. The following are the three articles where environmental issues are the main focus: “Lose 300 Million Tons of CO2 in Just Three Weeks!” by Kate Sheppard, “How Farmers Are Going to Save Civilization” by Jenn Hardy, “The Global Food Waste Scandal” by Tristram Stuart. Moderating the amount of waste product and keeping it under control can achieve both a sustainable environment and a healthy lifestyle. Therefore, a solution that can solve this problem from its roots effectively, due to the intellectual and behavioral power that people have to make a remarkable difference, is
How To Get Rid Of Today's Toxic Waste Properly Without Harming The Environment
747 Words | 3 PagesOne of the problems with today's toxic products is how to get rid of it properly without harming the environment. Years ago and even these days it wastes is dumped into streams, rivers and oceans or buried underground. Toxic waste comes from several of sources and is known as the product of any toxic substance that is thrown away, well or unwell. Toxic waste is most commonly a result of manufacturing or industrial processes, but factories are not the only producers. Hazardous or toxic waste can also be created by individual’s, health-care facilities, and small businesses.
Comparison Of Canada And Australia's Mining Sector
1710 Words | 7 PagesCanada and Australia have successful and growing mining sector economies while the South African mining sector is struggling. South Africa is one of the world’s largest mining countries. In the African continent we are the leading producer of nearly all of the metals and minerals. “In 2012 the total income of the South African mining industry was R477.1 billion. Total expenditure of the industry was R477 billion and more than 80% was spent in South Africa.
The Segregation Process In The United States
50 Words | 1 PagesSegregation takes place at the source and during the primary collection and transfer station process in the various colonies. In addition to this during the segregation process recyclables such as metals, large and hard plastics, glass, inert and rubber are being segregated and being sent back to the recycling
What Management Processes Does Haringey Council Have?
162 Words | 1 PagesHaringey council has one of the best waste management processes in London due to the wide variety of waste management processes which stops people from throwing away reusable waste and limiting the amount of commercial waste and hazardous and clinical waste. What management processes does Haringey council have? Does Haringey recycle more than any other borough in London?
Analysis Of The Hidden Life Of Garbage
218 Words | 1 PagesMeanwhile, the methods of waste disposal have improved over time. Also, that getting rid of garbage is quickly becoming a big problem due to our methods of waste disposal are only a temporary solution. Moreover; the waste that can’t decompose
Iowa Medical Center Devises Strategy To Reduce Food Waste
1065 Words | 5 PagesThe research of United Nations Environment Program in 2015 shows that the industrialized countries of the world waste almost as much as entire amounts of food produced to feed the Sub-Sahara African region. It is disappointing that people are dying of hunger in parts of the globe while other parts are wasting food unnecessarily. Furthermore, production of food waste is causing environmental hazards. Now is the time for people to understand the consequences of food waste and the techniques that can help control it.
Forget Shorter Showers Summary
815 Words | 4 PagesThis number shows that people only account for 3% of the waste produced. This brings attention to how little of an affect each individual could have if they tried to recycle. Even more, is the waste of water as it is only 10% which is split between people and other municipals. This leaves the other 90% to be used by corporate businesses in the world. Now it comes
Disadvantages Of Landfill In Canada
265 Words | 2 PagesIn 2008, Canada was the 37th populated country in the world [1]. However, Canada ranked the first place in waste production per capita among other countries in 2009. Each Canadian generated 777 kg of municipal garbage [2]. Mass individual waste production causes massive problems. For example, it effects habitat destruction and atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere pollution.
Ethical Issues In Waste Management
1009 Words | 5 PagesWaste Management Inc Is a company that is try to achieve a “zero waste’ in North America. It was founded in 1971 by Wayne Huizenga and Dean Buntrock. They provide services for: • Waste • Recyclables • Yard debris • Hazardous materials collection, • Hauling, treatment and disposal • Dumpster rental • Portable toilet rental • Security services
Novus Roma
715 Words | 3 Pages(atlntc) a lot of our trash that we create is organic waste, similar to the 2.6 trillion pounds of trash in the world today because of extra food in the field that is not used or rots.. We also create a lot of plastic and packaging trash because we make plastic containers for the food that we grow in our fertile land. (wear) How trash is collected from homes and small businesses We collect trash every weekly from every business and house who wants it. People must submit a request for garbage pickup which is done for free. They must separate it into garbage and recyclables before we pick it up.
Waste Pollution: Living In The United States
935 Words | 4 PagesPart 1 1. Living in the United States, there is no doubt that pollution is a main issue that every individual witnesses every single day. Since I attend college in a major city, pollution is something that I have witnessed first-hand. However in the United States, although air, water and odor pollution are very common, another type of pollution has incrementally increased and plagued the environment. Waste pollution is an issue that has raised a lot of concern.
Literature Review On Solid Waste Management
1652 Words | 7 PagesChapter 2 Literature Review 2.1 Waste management in developing countries: The Integrated Sustainable Solid Waste Management (ISWM) Cities and towns in developing countries have for several decades been faced with a challenge of handling and managing solid waste adequately. The main reasons associated with these challenges have been mentioned as rapid urbanisation and growing populations in towns and cities which consequently led to increased generation of waste (Guerrero et al, 2013). The management of this solid waste by municipalities grew as a budget burden for each municipality due to the associated high management costs, lack of understanding of the diverse factors that affect waste management at different stages and the linkages that
Persuasive Essay On Zero Waste
1036 Words | 5 PagesIntroduction People tend to consume a lot, when there is consumption, there is waste – and that waste becomes a big problem that needs taken care of, which costs a lot of time, space and resources. If not managed, in turn, the world that we live in will become a hazardous place for all living things. According to the World Bank, people throughout the world, “spend $2.3 trillion a year on food and beverages alone” (Global Consumption Database, 2018), that is quite a lot. In addition to that, the world count mentions that, “we throw out over 50 tons of household waste every second. A number that will double by 2030”
Essay On Health Care Waste Management
971 Words | 4 PagesThe work environment can be polluted, and consequently healthcare personnel and patients can be impacted (MOHSW 2006) Characteristics of healthcare waste Healthcare waste management includes all activities involved in waste generation, segregation, transportation, storage, treatment and disposal of all types of waste
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