EIA in Bangladesh Groundwater
Water is a vital service in nature and can be a regulating resource to man and other breathing beings. Water superiority is influenced by both natural and anthropogenic involvement where the former contains local climate, geology etc., and the latter covers the erection of dams and ridges, irrigation practices, uncritical dumping of industrial wastes etc. Seawater interruption or invasion is a special case of water pollution and is detected in many seaside regions of the world. Under natural circumstances, freshwater run towards the sea restrictions the landward encroachment of seawater. On the other hand, erection of bores for groundwater supplies and subsequent lowering of the water table or piezometric surface
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soil, surface water and groundwater, this is of great worry to all societies and this is why it is very significant to assess and monitor water superiority at regular intervals. Bangladesh is mostly reliant on groundwater for drinking and irrigation practices, and 90% of consumption water is abstracted from aquifers. Therefore, any pollution (natural or artificial) to this natural resource will convey about a severe disaster to the whole socioeconomic environment of Bangladesh. The salinity problem in southwest Bangladesh and the recently recognized arsenic problem in groundwater almost over all of Bangladesh has been a matter of worry to the country. The study region, situated in south-western Bangladesh and downstream of the familiar Ganges delta region, is on the Bhairab-Rupsa-Pasur River complex, about 100 km north of the seashore of the Bay of Bengal. The latitude of the region is 22714b28n to 22739b19n north and longitudinally it expanses from 89724b32n to 89741n …show more content…
The average lowest discharge (March–April) in the Ganges between the years 1988 and 1995 was F593 m3/s, which is about 73% less than that before the Ganges water diversion, i.e. before 1975. Hossain (1987) studied the maximum and minimum discharge of the Ganges at Hardinge bridge point, before and after the commissioning of the Farakka barrage (from 1956 to 1986). That study revealed that the average highest discharge (August–September) before and after 1975 were 46998 and 55570 m3/s respectively. On the other hand, the mean lowest discharges (March–April) during pre- and post-Farakka period were found to be 2006 and 809 m3/s respectively. The study also concluded that average peak discharge was increased by F12% compared with average peak flow before 1975. On the same basis, the average lowest discharge was decreased by 60% (Hossain 1987). This large-scale reduction or withdrawal of the Ganges outflow greatly influences the Bhairab-Rupsa-Pasur River complex of the study area as it is fed by the mighty Ganges. This reduction causes a drop in hydraulic head of the Ganges and its tributaries, which ultimately accelerates the saline front movement or saline water intrusion towards the inland freshwater
INTRODUCTION The Cretaceous Period, spanning 65.5-146 million years ago (Mya), was a world different from what we are familiar with today. Planetary changes during this period included the extinction of dinosaurs and drastic global warming. The breakup of the super continent Pangea had started about 30 Mya, and seaways had begun to form and cover landmass that had once been a part of the super continent (Geologic Time). Today, scientists know that one of these landmasses, the North American continent as we now know it, was at one point covered by a vast inland sea known as the Western Interior Seaway.
Using coordinates or simple objectives allows the ability to make proper determination. Geographic data allows identifiable information to be offered to subscribers with the encouragement of geographical indicators. Display tools offer a realism of visual effects and the most applicable advantages. Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, spatial statics and Geographic Information Systems (GIS): Systems of these nature offer geographers collaborative and analyzed information far more unique than traditional research techniques (Geographic Information Systems as an Integrating Technology: Context, Concepts, and Definitions,2015). Lastly, geographic reality and space relation must be gathered using input and output of data and formulaic sequences, but the tools make them applicable to user.
The region of the states do not have a unit of measurement. A value of one with represent states located in the Northeast and Western United States, while a zero will represent states in the South and Midwest. Southern and Midwestern states will represent the reference group. Each of these variables have been selected based on
As per that subsequent disaster, floods can now be prevented by forming a management committee set to prevent that from happenings in every county, they say prevention is better than cure and so the government is coming up with measures to control floods. This is done by sensitizing people who live on lower grounds to move to higher grounds to prevent landslides, digging dykes and also educating citizens on disaster
The FKNMS is located off the tip of Florida containing over 1700 islands. These chains of islands are coral reefs that are just south from the Key Biscayne and extend southwest for approximately 126miles. These islands end about 90 miles north of Cuba. These islands are not suitable for people to live on because of there size. The FKNMS covers over 2800 square nautical miles.
The formation strikes 269°, and dips 41°N. The sandstone and mudstone members are typically 30-50cm thick. The sandstones are immature poorly sorted greywacke, and the mudstones
Network This is the process where the researcher had check the reliability of the Trigonometrical stations which have been used as reference stations. The process in this stage Trignet will provide the ephemeris data during the DGPS observations. The data was downloaded using 1 second interval for 13 and 14 August 2015 starting from 9h00 until 17h00. Station: DRBA Station: PMBG Station code: DRBA Station code: PMBG Lat: S 29° 51 ' 04.23323" Lat: S 29° 36 ' 02.61040"
Because latitude and longitude refer to a specific location, absolute location can be described as the same thing (p.37-38). Absolute location helps people understand exactly where things are and majorly affect the culture of LA. Relative location, which shows where a place is in relation to another place, helps the native people of Louisiana know where things are located (p.37). Latitude and longitude also help mark political boundaries. Boundaries allow people to know where states or cities end and where another begins.
However, the rivers in the Indus valley commonly changed course, more often in times of flooding. This made them unreliable. Rivers
An example of absolute location is Chile, South America. Chile is located 35.7⁰S, 71.5⁰W. Another type of location is relative location. For example, the relative
The “Bermuda Triangle” area is fully covered with unexpected storms and also weather changes. This factor can cause a lot of misdirection and navigational problems. B. Topography. Topography is study of the shape and surface on the earth. Other than that, topography also known as study of observable astronomical objects including planets, moon and also asteroids.
Assignment: Coastal management • Explain what is coastal management • Discuss the types of coastal management and when they are used • The pros and cons of the types of coastal management Word limit is 2500 including references. Why is it important to defend the coast? Coastlines today, tend to be very heavily populated areas that are of high economic value due to tourism as well as key access point to ocean fisheries resources and sea transport routes. However, coastlines are particularly prone to flooding, whereby these fragile ecosystems take a long time to recover if they are degraded or destroyed.
MAJOR PROBLEM: SINGAPORE WATER SHORTAGE ISSUE Short history of Singapore: Singapore gained independence on 9th August in 1965 from the merger with Malaysia. After its separation from Malaysia, Singapore faces major problem in many areas. Singapore is a small island of area size of 718.3km square. Given her limited land capacity, Singapore face a severe lack of natural resources such as water. In the ’60s and ’70s, Singapore was heavily reliant on imported water from Malaysia and faced urbanisation challenges such as polluted rivers, water shortages and widespread flooding.
LITERATURE REVIEW What is water pollution? As the country is becoming more and more populated, the demands for social services have increased significantly. This has led to an increase of the pollution in many developing towns such as Ga-kgapane. The most disturbing and problematic forms of pollution in Ga-kgapane is the pollution of the natural streams. Water pollution is when there is a build of one or more substances in water to such an extent that it causes problems for animals or plants.
Water is the most important component found on the surface of the earth because it is source of life for living creatures. However, water pollution has become a global concern. Water pollution can have several forms from diverse sources. It is expected that there will be a lack of clean water in next few decades due to pollution. Nile river water in Egypt is the focus of attention of many studies due to many reasons.