CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.0 Research Background
Water supply in Malaysia
Malaysia is rich in water resources. There are many rivers system found in Peninsular Malaysia and also in Sabah and Sarawak. Rivers in Malaysia have played a major role in shaping and influencing the development of the nation and cultures of its people (Mohamad, Jamilah, Mustafa, Firuza-Begham and Wan-sobri, 2008). Malaysia receives an average rainfall of 3000 mm per annum and this is translated into 566 billion cubic metres of surface water flowing in more than 150 river systems (Chan, 2004). Water is the important raw material in all sectors of development. Thus, sustainable management water resources is very important because can provide current and future generations
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Before the establishment of Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara (SPAN), there are 5 organisations are responsible in providing water supply and sewerage services to the users. The organisations are Jabatan Kerja Raya (JKR), Jabatan Bekalan Air (JBA), Water Company (Cooperate) and Water Company (Private). Table 1.1 shows the water supply industry in each state is belong to which …show more content…
Water Company (Private) LAKU (Sarawak- Miri, Bintulu, Limbang), Terengganu, Air Kelantan Sdn. Bhd. (Kelantan).
Source: Malaysia Water Industry Guide 2001.
In year 2005, Malaysia Parliament has passed amendments to the Ninth Schedule of Federal Constitution, the water supply and service is move from State List to Concurrent List (except Sabah and Sarawak). Federal Government are responsible for regulate the water sector by licensing and regulate water services operators and state government have their authority on water resources, watersheds and river basins.
There are 3 organizations in Malaysia actively involved in the restructuring of water sector which are Ministry of Energy, Green Technology and Water (MEGTW), Suruhanjaya Perkhidmatan Air Negara (SPAN) or National Water Services Commission and Water Asset Management Company (WAMCO). MEGTW formulates and implement national water policy as the first step to reform the water industry. Restructuration of water industry is to increase the efficiency of the water services management, lower the production and consumption cost and consider the benefits of all stakeholders like customers, federal government and state
Do you ever feel like there is a piece of dry, and scratchy piece of sandpaper in the back of your throat from not having enough water? How would you feel if you could never stop the anoying feeling, that is constantly reminding you, that you could die from extreme thirst any day from now. The main reasons that China was driven into the intense water shortage is, their Government policies, Population increases and the most tremendous reason is the industrialization of China. One of the main reasons that is driving China's unfortunate water crisis is, China’s tremendous population growth. As China’s cities are increasing in population more of their residence are consuming their limited water supply.
In urban civilizations, water sources are pumped through a network of pipes into citizen’s homes. Citizens are then required to pay a premium for distribution and usage of the water. Water obtained and distributed by the
A federal level response to the crisis was required and thus the Water Act 2007 (Cth)
All 4 of these subdivisions are focused on improving the standard of water in our state and they must begin to fulfill their duties and improve the
Many people have wondered why China's water scarcity is getting worse. It is because Global warming, Water pollution and the most important is Industrialization. North China is suffering the most. This means it does not have enough fresh water to meet its needs. The North's lack of water will now put the whole city in danger.
1. Grade Level: Second Grade 2. Subject/Content Area: Science 3. Lesson Title: Introduction to the Water Cycle 4.
The idea of preserving water is a debatable subject. However, humans should stop wasting water and should not take it for granted in order to survive with a healthy body, and reduce health risks. The most important reason why people should conserve clean water is to survive. In other words, water equals life. Without clean water, we will pass away in just a few days.
Water resources problem areis a serious challenge to the social and economic sustainable development around the whole world. With regards to the predator of fresh water shortage in global scale, Canada also unfortunately falls to its prey. Blessed with abundant fresh water in lakes, streams, rivers and most importantly –the underground water, Canada has long taken it for granted that fresh water supply will never be their concern. However, the approaching of fresh water shortage has only until recently woken Canadians from their dreams. When Alberta Environment and Sustainable Resource Development implemented underground water tapping programs and the Munk School of Global Affairs held a symposium themed on mapping underground water, federal and public concerns are fomenting.
Singapore is a country with no rivers or lakes to tap for fresh water. Due to these natural constraints, Singapore faces a serious issue with the supply of fresh water for consumption. Singapore’s only source of water is rainwater. In the early days of the young nation, very little
2.8 Main Cause of Flood According to Jabatan Penerangan Malaysia (2012), issues of flood that happen certainly had their own causes. There are many causes such as: 2.8.1 Continuous Rain Continuous rain without stopping can cause flooding. In low areas, rain water will flow into the river. River filled with water will overflow causing lowland area are flooded.
This essay will therefore critically discuss water scarcity and how one can prevent a war fought over water, as well as how one can save water and implement change to better our future nationally and globally. 2. The Importance of Water With two thirds of the earth 's surface covered by water and the human body consisting of 75 percent of it, it is clear that water is one of the core elements responsible for life on earth (Anderson, 1986). Water is very important to us because human bodies, as well as animals, cannot function without water in their systems.
Water is the most important component found on the surface of the earth because it is source of life for living creatures. However, water pollution has become a global concern. Water pollution can have several forms from diverse sources. It is expected that there will be a lack of clean water in next few decades due to pollution. Nile river water in Egypt is the focus of attention of many studies due to many reasons.
AJINOMOTO (Malaysia) Berhad Part 1: COMPANY BACKGROUND According to Bloomberg, Ajinomoto (Malaysia) Berhad founded in 1961. It was the first Japanese companies that set up in Malaysia. It is acting as producer of Monosodium Glutamate. It produces and sells the monosodium glutamate.
Statement of the Problem Due to the approaching occurrence, the Starmall Alabang has taken its toll in becoming one of the many companies of utilizing the waste water system treatment. However, the denoting impotence of the existing waste water system treatment is a contributing worry to the operation. Purpose of the Study The analytical report aims
The strength of KHB are good after sales support. Moreover, the brand name of “KHIND” was already locally recognized. KHB and Mistral-relationship provide a strong financial backbone to the company’s growth. This is because one of the company listed in Malaysia stock exchange whom wholly-owned subsidiary of KHB called Khind-Mistral Industries Sdn Bhd (KMI).