Weigh 40 G Urea, Oxalic Acid

After reflux, we removed the reaction mixture from the apparatus and cooled it for several minutes. We transferred the mixture to the beaker that contained water (30 mL). We cooled the mixture to room temperature and added sodium carbonate to neutralize the mixture. We added sodium carbonate until the pH of the mixture was 8. After neutralize, we collected benzocaine by vacuum filtration.

Plating of Bottom Layer of Agar: 1. Loosen the cap on the bottle of 1% noble agar and microwave for about 1-2 min. While heating in a microwave, monitor the solution closely to avoid boiling over. Continue heating, while mixing intermittently, until agar is completely dissolved and the solution is clear. NOTE:

3- Add 0.05 moles of concentrated sulphuric acid to round bottom flask very slowly and carefully then put a magnetic stirrer . 4- Set up reflux system using a clean and dry condenser .

The concentrated extract was then passed through a chromatographic column (30 cm x 10 mm i.d) containing 2 g florisil (lower) and 1 g sodium sulphate (upper) which is pre wetted with hexane: acetone (1:1). OCPs were eluted with 25 ml hexane: acetone (1:1).The solvent was evaporated using rotary evaporator and final volume was adjusted to 5 ml, which is used for GC analysis. All the sediments were analyzed for HCH and

Next, a 10 mL beaker is filled with 3 mL of HCl and measure 10 mL of ionized water into a 140 mL beaker. Carefully turn on laboratory burner and start cleaning the Nichrome wire by dipping it into concentrated HCl acid. Hold the Nichrome wire on top of the flame and repeat the step until the wire doesn 't show any color. When the wire is clean, dip the wire again with some of the acid and dip it into the solution with the unknown compound in it. Place the wire back into the flame again and observe the color of the flame.

Continue to heat the solution until it reaches about 55℃. Using the test tube holder, transfer the liquefied solution tube to the 25℃ water and record the temperature at 30-second intervals using a clock or stopwatch using a pencil until the solution reaches 35℃ or close to the temperature due to experimental error. While cooling, gently stir the solution using the thermometer until the solution begins to solidify. Once all the data is collected, reheat the solid solution tube in the warm water until it melts and remove the thermometer and wipe it off to avoid the solution adhering to the thermometer. After the data has been recorded, clean-up the lab station and put away the lab

 Dissolve the salt in 60 ml of tap water. Add 30 ml 6 M Hcl and stir the mixture with a glass rod.  Add 12 g solid Nacl to the solution and stir the mixture for about 2 minutes.  Support a 250 ml separatory funnel on a ring, making sure that the stopcock is closed and that a clean beaker is placed beneath the exit tube. Transfer the aqueous solution from the beaker to the separatory funnel.

The crude tetraphenylnaphthalene in a 25-ml Erlenmeyer flask and dissolved in boiling isopropyl alcohol (12 ml). The solution was cooled to room temperature and further cooled in an ice bath for 30 minutes. Crystallization of colorless crystals occurred. The product was collect in a Hirsch funnel and washed with isopropyl alcohol. The solid was left to dry over the weekend.

Isolation of Ibuprofen: Fifteen 200 mg ibuprofen tablets were used, which was 3.37g (16.34 mmol, 112.3%) ibuprofen. This amount of ibuprofen was submerged in 25 mL of acetone and stirred vigorously for 5 minutes to dissolve. Red coatings of the tablet were separated and vacuum filtration was utilized to dissolve all insoluble components. The melting point range of the crude ibuprofen was 72.4-73.9°C. The major bands from the IR are, FTIR:

The above solution converts of colorless to yellow suspension solution which produced TiO2 nanopowder by drying process at 85°C in anstove for 15 hours. Finally, TiO2 nanopowder obtained were treated in furnace at different temperatures (400°C-800°C) for 2 hours. The initial heating rate was maintained at 5 °C/min. 2.3. Characterization 2.3.1 UV- Visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS)

The silver ion TLC was prepared through the following procedure: Silver nitrate was dissolved in 10 ml of distilled water. This aqueous solution of silver nitrate was absolutely mixed with 9 g of silica gel (10 ~ 40 μm particles). Then, a 10 × 5 cm TLC plate was coated with the above slurry and activated for 1 h at 90 °C before use. They were immediately transferred into a desiccator in dark for storage after cooling. 32 100 μL of afore-prepared sample solution and the mixed reference standard were diluted 100 times with ethyl acetate.