INTRODUCTION The dictionary reads, “Motivation is the psychological feature that arouses an organism to act towards a certain goal in a particular way”. Motivation can be basically described as the driving force which stimulates the desire within us to continually stay involved and committed to our work and strive hard to achieve our goals. Motivation as a process helps initiate and maintain a goal-oriented behaviour in an individual. Besides perception, personality, attitudes, and learning, motivation is an extremely vital portion of understanding behaviour. Motivation ought not to be believed merely as the explanation of behaviour, as it interacts alongside and acts in conjunction with other mediating processes and with the environment.
2.2.3.2. Employees’ Motivation Motivation refers to the forces within a person that affect his or her direction, intensity and persistence of voluntary behavior. Motivation is the willingness to exert high level of effort towards organizational goals continued by the efforts, ability to satisfy some individual needs (McShane & Von Glinow, 2003). It is the stimulation of any emotion or desire operating upon one‘s will and prompting or driving it to action (Robbins S. , 2003). Therefore motivation induces people to do their work in order to achieve the individual and organizational goals.
Motivation can be described as a functioning development that occurs when interior compensations are earned through an interesting and challenging work, the activation of the workers to achieve the company’s business goals and the effort to create appropriate incentives for cooperation between the employees so as for them to accomplish the objectives set by the company. Τhere are factors of particular importance to the definition of motivation in the workplace which will lead to a higher performance
Motivation and Emotion Motivation is an area of psychology that has gotten a great deal of attention in the recent years. This is because we all want to make a success of our lives, we all want to be seen as motivated, and we all want direction and drive. A motive or motivation can be defined as a need, interest, desire or want that leads someone in a certain direction. This motivation is what causes us to take action. Gorman (2004) says: “Motivation is an attempt to explain the ‘why’ of all forms of behaviour and is concerned with goal-directed behaviour.” Have you ever asked yourself the question, “What is my motivation for doing a specific task?” We need to know why we need to do something in order to effectively perform it.
The results of the second sample were identical with the results of the first sample, except in the case of self-rated and manager-rated personal initiative, in which case the correlation was only moderate. Gary Jon Springer (2010) tried to ascertain the effects of job motivation and job satisfaction on job performance through seventy randomly selected bank employees. Collected data was analysed, applying both Pearson Correlation and multiple regression techniques. Hersey & Blanchard (1969) ranked the following factors as top motivating factors: (1) full appreciation of work done, (2) feeling of being (3) sympathetic help with personal problems, (4) job security (5) Good wages/salaries as the five top motivational factors out of ten factors. Carolyn Wiley (1997) in his research says that the priorities of what motivates the employees over the years has been changing.
4) Motivation Motivation is an important concept in modern psychology. It is not possible to understand, explain or predict human behavior without some knowledge of motivation. ( ) Motivation is the effective methods that relate to an individual 's intensity, route and determination of effort towards the achievement of goals. ( ) Motivation is the process of producing and maintaining goal-directed behavior. ( ) Motivation is a psychological process through which unsatisfied wants or needs leads to drives that is aimed at goals or incentives.
Through the results Hertzberg found that there are two factors which affecting motivation. The research results conclude with one theory which is call the two factor
A person achieves his goals in order to satisfy his feelings and these goals make him behave and act in a way. This goal directed behavior and performance lead to effects or comments. Also, each goal may be difficult and challenging and the person needs to show goal commitment in order to reach that goal (Mullins, 2010, p.277). The choice of incentives depends on the way an employee thinks, on productivity and other factors in order to be beneficial both for the employees and the organisation. A good example of a company that uses a combination of motivation theories is Kellogg’s.
A study focuses on Two Factors Theory of Herzberg et al., 1992. The theory is about the factors which influence on job satisfaction and dissatisfaction of an employee at work place. The factors are divided into 2 main factors; extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Extrinsic or hygiene factors focusing on work environment which can cause dissatisfaction among employees when unfulfilled. On the other hand, intrinsic or motivators factors can motivate employee and lead to job satisfaction if lack of motivators, employees may not be satisfied but not dissatisfied.
Work motivation is a process that initiates as well as maintains goal-directed performance. It strengthens our thinking, fuels zeal and builds positive and negative emotional reactions to work and life. Working towards a common goal is one of the defining and key characteristics of a team. When an individual employee works towards its own objectives, it may become challenging to be productive and compete with businesses that are more goal-focused. This means that a clear communication and consistent goals are vital to team building.