Lawrence Kohlberg's Six Stages Of Moral Development

There are three moral skills that Barry Schwartz identifies in his video which are kindness, care, and empathy. Schwartz also relates that these moral skills are connected with moral will combine to form practical wisdom. Schwartz uses examples of a variety of different janitors that go above and beyond their normal duties to do the right thing and help people. It is these people that show and enforce the power of implementing moral skills can have.

Horace Mann was the leading voice in the common school movement. The purpose of the common school was to create a school, open to everyone, that was not “influenced by private or religious societies.” Mann’s vision of the common school is outlined in his annual reports to the Massachusetts Board of Education. In his tenth and twelfth report he pushed for universal, public education, revolving around similar curriculum. He emphasizes the importance of school as the place where children cultivate their moral character and are instilled with ethical values. He states that “moral education is a primal necessity of social existence.” His method of addressing teaching values within an institute was to separate the common school from a specific religious

Morality are principles concerning the distinction of good and bad or right and wrong behavior, that influences behavior and worldly views. From different perspectives, morality can be can viewed as being of one 's own conviction, or a natural principle that we should succumb to by the “laws” of nature. Thomas Aquinas and Friedrich Nietzsche are two well known philosopher that twist morality into those groups of morals of being “taste” or “truth”. Aqunas sees morality as a truth that consist of things that contribute or disrupts the nature of things. While Nietzsche viewpoint is directed upon that morality is merely opinion and that “might makes right.” These two conflicting ideas has become an issue in the world today. For example in the

Most of the time peoples get their ethical or moral views from their religion since they were young. Most religions have explicit or implicit requirements or ideals for moral conduct although they also include other elements. In some cases, religions contain explicit rules or commandments: ‘Honor thy father and mother’ and ‘Thou shalt not kill.’ Some religions recognize and revere saints or holy people who provide models for us and exemplify virtues we should follow. (Barbara Mackinnon & Andrew Fiala, 2015)

This quote essentially asserts that humans are born with various selfish desires, such as the desire for beautiful sounds, sights, and wealth. When brought together with the second quote, it implies that no human being is free from these desires, and one has to be guided by a teacher and rituals to eventually eliminate these selfish desires and transform one’s human nature from bad to good, wholly transformed when one attains sagehood, in order to act for the good of others.

The Nicomachean Ethics, Aristotle 's most important study of personal morality and the end of human life, has for many centuries been a widely-read and influential book. In this paper, my aim is to understand and explain how Aristotle, an ancient world-known Greek philosopher, developed the idea of ethics based on a teleological matter. Thus, I will explain how Aristotle relates virtue to telos.

In the past few months I have been introduced to several different theories, but three of those theories stood out in my mind, Deontological theory which rejects consequences as the basis of right and wrong and focus instead on our duty to practice or avoid particular kind of action. On the other hand, Rule Utilitarianism a consequentialist moral theory that defines a morally right rule or practice as one that promote overall utility and Virtue ethics believe that one has to have specific character traits like loyalty, compassion, generosity that have moral value in one self without any underline principles or action guiding them.

Zhu Xi is a Chinese neo-Confucian philosopher, that believed that our moral mirror reflected our morality. The clean moral mirror reflects the underlying moral pattern. Xi believed that all things were brought together into unification by two universal aspects of reality: qi and li. Li is the principle of essence for our morality. The cause of immoral action is due to qi because qi obscures our perfect moral mirror. In order, for one to clear their li, it must be done through the purification of the qi, upon studying, reflecting, and mediating. The goal of cultivation is to clear our qi because if our qi is clear and balanced they we will be perfectly moral.

Shermer and Prinze carefully analyzes that moral decisions are primarily based on emotions while Bloom states that its based on reasoning. Shermer and Prinze are correct to state moral decisions are based on emotions because of evolving of morality, dominancy of emotions and emotional conditioning in morality. Emotions lead morals. Without them nobody would be able to understand what is evil or not since they are the basis of

For millennia, what has been a dilemma to philosophy has also relentlessly threatened Christian theology and affects the daily lives of human beings. People are regularly faced with questions of morality that may resonate with the strict guidelines of laws or religious doctrine. A majority of individuals align with their respective traditional societal norms. Others, however, may commit acts that are not in accordance with the rest of society. Contingent upon the severity of the deed, it may be considered immoral, sinful, or outright evil. This raises questions such as: what drives humans to do wrong? Are they innately bad, or is it learned? If they are naturally good, what was their undoing?

How did humans come to have morals? Did they evolve them because they help ensure their evolutionary survival? This might seem like a sound explanation at first but Frank Turek made some amazing points in his recent article “Evolution Cannot Explain Morality. In this paper a few of these important arguments will be brought to the surface.

Kohlberg theory divided moral development into three levels: preconventional, conventional and postconventional. In preconventional the people behave moral or immorally based on their own personal needs. For example a child would say “ I can’t hit my sister because you might get caught and then get in trouble”. They do not care if it is wrong to hit their sister they just don’t want to get in trouble. It is all about them. Conventional is when they do not hit because they know it is wrong. Postconventional is when the grey area can come in. They child may know its wrong to hit someone, but what if you are helping protect someone else? They weigh both sides and decide which action is better. Emma is in the precoventional stage. When ever Kylee

Have you ever found yourself in a situation wondering how you got there? Did your own values or societal norms dictate your actions? This question of true motivation represents a topic studied, especially in literature, for several generations. For example, both George Orwell in his novel 1984 and Elie Wiesel in his memoir Night study whether personal desire or public influence represents a stronger form of motivation. In 1984, Winston Smith distinguishes himself from the rest of the brainwashed, dystopian society for he can remember the past and therefore recognizes the flaws of the ruling Inner Party. However, he struggles to remain true to his opposition of the Party and finds himself following his fellow citizens.

Morality is a difficult concept. What one person may think is acceptable another may think is wrong. I recently read the first chapter of “The Righteous Mind” by Jonathan Haidt and it has made me reflect on my personal moral compass. Morality helps sculpt our character, it depicts our rights from wrongs. Forgive but don’t forget, do no harm, and have courage are three of my big morals.

Egoism is the theory that one 's self is the motivation and goal of one 's own action. “The term egoism derives from ego, the Latin term for 'I ' in English. (Moseley)” There are two types of egoism: psychological and ethical. Psychological egoism asserts that people always act selfishly and self-centered. Ethical egoism asserts that people should always act in his or her own self interest.