What Is Solid Waste

INTRODUCTION:

The construction wastes are known as solid waste usually not hazardous, produced from various activities like building, demolition, repair and maintenance of construction (U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2003).

Due to the fast economic development and urbanization, The generation of solid waste has significantly increased worldwide. In general, increased population growth and rising consumer choices have led to a larger production of waste worldwide. Successful waste management requires accurate data. In Oman the government creates now company (Biah) and contract with Spain Famous Company to manage the waste and sent most waste to other country for recycling and saving the environment and human health. Ramzi,et al.(2012)

A substantial percentage of solid waste resulted from the demolition waste as well as the continued construction activities. It can be noticed that, minerals are considered as one of the basic construction materials. However, minerals extraction, handling, processing and uses present for about seven present of total global energy consumption. Moreover, the primary minerals transportation is responsible for forty present of the total energy consumption by the industry (Mankelow et al.,2010).

Due to the fast economic development and urbanization , the generation of solid waste has significantly increased worldwide . In general , increased population growth and rising consumer choices have led to a larger production of waste worldwide . Successful waste management requires accurate data.

Construction and demolition (C&D) waste, which already comprises the largest waste fraction in industrialized countries (Schachermayer et al., 2000), is expected to increase in the future. Studies from the Netherlands (Muller, 2006) and Norway (Bergsdal et al., 2007) show this trend for countries of the European Union, Hashimoto et al. (2007) for Japan and Hao et al. (2007) for Hong Kong.

According to its generation phase, C&D waste can be divided into three categories: construction waste (CW), renovation waste (RW) and demolition waste (DW). There can be obtained three types of

For example assessing the effects of the lifecycle usage, ensuring energy efficiency, minimizing waste generation and reusing recycled materials in construction (Koroneos and Dompros, 2007).

Literatures have shown that the typical component in C&D waste are the inert material such as concrete and bricks, which have little damage to the environment (EPD, 2012).

From environmental point of view, the recycle, reuse, and revalorization of construction and demolition waste (CDW) are very essential. In my opinion, this would help to conserve natural resources and therefore, they reduce the amount of waste disposed in landfills.

On the other hand, the core problem is that CDWs are not absolutely and completely inert materials. Therefore, they present hazardous risks to the environment due to the continuing adhesives, paints, sealants, PCBs, asbestos and/or lead-based paint (Del Rio et al., 2010). In fact, the reaction and the contact of these compounds with the construction materials cases a huge pollution risk and their classification as potentially contaminated secondary