Key Concept 1.1: As native populations migrated and settled across the vast expanse of North America over time, they developed distinct and increasingly complex societies by adapting to and transforming their diverse environments.
Sub Concept I: Different native societies adapted to and transformed their environments through innovations in agriculture, resource use, and social structure.
Topics
Notes
A.) The spread of maize cultivation from present-day Mexico northward into the present-day American Southwest and beyond supported economic development, settlement, advanced irrigation, and social diversification among societies.
Cultivation of corn along with squash and beans allowed for the typically mobile Native American tribes to become more
…show more content…
Topics
Notes
A.) Spanish exploration and conquest of the Americas were accompanied and furthered by widespread deadly epidemics that devastated native populations and by the introduction of crops and animals not found in the Americas
Diseases such as Smallpox devastated native populations, making it easier for Spanish explorers to take over. They also introduced animals such as chickens, pigs, and horses to the native populations.
B) The encomienda system, Spanish colonial economies marshaled Native American labor to support plantation-based agriculture and extract precious metals and other resources.
By using the encomienda labor system spanish explorers enslaved Native Americans and got them to perform plant based agriculture for them and mine precious metals such as silver.
C) European traders partnered with some West African groups who practiced slavery to forcibly extract slave labor for the Americas. The Spanish imported enslaved Africans to labor in plantation agriculture and
a) By the 1600s, most of North America wasn 't claimed by the Europeans i) There were three European powers established in the Americas (1) Spain established Santa Fe in 1610, France established Quebec in 1608, and Britain established Jamestown, Virginia in 1607 b) Britain didn 't make an effort to explore the Americans in 1500s against the Spanish empire i) When King Henry VIII broke from the Roman Catholic Church in 1530s, tensions arose which brought the English Protestant reformation. It was Catholics versus Protestants (1) Queen Elizabeth ascended the throne in 1558 which caused England to become Protestants and a rivalry against the Spaniards who were Catholic ii) Ireland wanted to be
I believe that sickness and disease greatly affected the Spanish, and their quest for the New World. However it was not purely bad nor good for them, because it helped them lay siege to cities but also killed many spanish. Some of the changes of culture that were made because of it was the fact that the Spanish were now disliked because of the diseases that they had brought with them to the New World. Some of the example of the disease helping the Spanish was how when Hernan Cortes lay siege to Tenochtitlan, the Aztec capital, he originally fled because of their numbers, but attacked again when there was an outbreak of smallpox and he had more siege weapons.
American Slavery and the Encomienda System During the time period of exploration, new land called for more labor. After many Amerindians died from European disease, slave labor became popular among the Americas. This type of labor was forced upon many Africans during this time period, and many families were separated. Another labor source during this time period was the Encomienda system.
Corn is a very important and staple food source, one that can maintain high energy and can provide abundant nutrition. Corn transformed nomadic bands into settled agricultural villagers, and when it transformed to Europe, it led to a drastically population growth, solved the starvation and revolutionized European diet. Moreover, the horses from the Europe also had profound influence on the New World. The arrival not only transformed their lifestyle into a mobile one, especially on the Great Plains, but also the communication between tribes. The food supplies increased and transportation cost reduced because Native Americans could use horses to hunt more efficiently and to carry heavier loads.
In Northern America, horses impacted the life of the natives in the Great Plains. This permitted natives “to hunt the buffalo
The Columbian exchange was a sort of bridge between two very different cultures and, as Alfred W. Crosby said, it was very hard to find any crops that the two civilizations (the Old World and the New World, so to speak) shared. Horses, wheat, pigs, sugar cane, rice, and grape vines -- along with many other things -- could only be found in the Old World. Likewise, corn, sweet potatoes, alpaca, peanuts, and tobacco were all from the New World. Some of these things, wheat, rice, and corn in particular, are staples nowadays and we would be in trouble if something happened to one of those things. As Crosby said, “[Wheat] is one of Europe’s greatest gifts to the Americas”.
The Colonisation of Latin America had a major negative impact on these indigenous people as the arrival in Latin America collided with 12,000 years of isolation from Eurasia which imposed many diseases on the natives. The natives were unable to fight of these diseases as they did not have the immune system for these types of sickness nor the appropriate medicine so many of them died as a result. These diseases included small pox, measles and influenza, bubonic plagues, cholera and tropical
Disease played a major role in the destruction of Indian life. Early settlers brought a plethora of diseases that attacked and easily destroyed the unadapted immune systems of the Native Americans. These diseases killed many Native Americans and had severe impacts on their population. An example can be observed in the article when it describes how the Caddoan population lost around ninety-six percent of its population due to disease. Another example of how disease devastated the natives can be seen in the article when it describes how a single Spanish soldier that suffered from smallpox spread the disease to the Incas which eliminated half of their population.
Among the many things spread and shared in the Columbian Exchange, the trading of diseases is perhaps the most significant. The natives of the Americas had never experienced the serious diseases that European explorers carried over to the New World. From smallpox to influenza and malaria to cholera, Native American populations were drastically decreased due to their poor immunity. Between the numerous amounts of European diseases, though, measles was the most remarkable in that its effects were both widespread and enduring. Measles, also known as rubeola, is a respiratory infection caused by the measles virus.
Different types of such crops and its surplus production enabled a trade network within Mesoamerica, spreading all over the American continent. In addition
The Columbian Exchange between the new world and the old world significantly change people’s lives. After 1492, Europeans brought in horses to America which changes the nomadic Native American groups’ living from riding on buffalos to horses. This interchange also change the diet of the rest of the world with foods such as corns (maize), potatoes which are major diet for European nowadays. Besides all the animals from old world to the new world, Spanish also brought in the diseases that Native Americans were not immune of, such as smallpox which led to a large amount of Native Americans’ deaths.
Spain began to introduce new foods into Mexican cuisine, such as wheat, meats, and olive oil. Spain was able to take techniques from mexican cuisine and blend it into their own. Native americans were also looked as like lower class people. Higher social groups like the europeans were trying to convert Native Americans to act and become civilized. Civilized meaning participating in traditions that the Spanish did.
The Europeans gave the Native American both positive and negative things. The positive things were: wheat, sugar, rice, coffee, horses, cows, and pigs. The negative things were: smallpox, measles, bubonic plague, influenza, typhus, diphtheria, and scarlet flower. Then, god, glory, and god. The Spanish came for god, glory, and gold.
The Spaniards made a big impact in the Americas. They killed many Incas,Tainos, and Aztecs. These populations lost many including their emperors. On the Spaniard 's side they had power by killing Atahualpa and Montezuma they could create colonies and take riched back to their country. The Spaniards weren 't the only ones to look for riches in the New World.
While the colonization of the America’s was negative for many reasons such as the spread of illnesses, and the forcing of religion upon natives, it was also beneficial to the Native’s because it allowed them to have better weapons and to have different foods and goods in their lives. The Europeans exposed the Natives to many new diseases once they colonized the new areas they discovered. The Europeans greatly impacted the family life and religion of the inhabitants of the areas they found. There was also a lot of exchange going on during the conquest of the Americas because the Natives were excited by the new gadgets they had never seen before that the Europeans brought over.