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What Role Did Cavour Play In The Unification Of Italy

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Extended Essay - History HL

The Unification of Italy

What role did Cavour play in the Unification of Italy?

Candidate name: Robert Peterson
Candidate number: 001217-0037
School code: 001217
Session: May 2015
Supervisor: Anna-Maria Lindberg
Word count: TBA Abstract Table of contents INTRODUCTION

Camillo Paolo Filippo Giulio Benso, conte di Cavour, of Cellarengo and of Isolabella, or more simply and from now on referred as Cavour, was born in Turin in 1810 during the Napoleonic occupation. He was head of the government several times of the Kingdom of Sardinia and the first prime minister of unified Italy, until his premature death in 1961, the same year the Kingdom of Italy was proclaimed. He was a key person in the modernisation of Piedmont; he turned it into the most forward state in the Italian peninsula so no other could compete with it economically or politically, as Cavour was a man of reforms (Beales, 110). He is widely seen as one of the protagonists in the unification of Italy, even though, as it will be seen later, it was not his ambition from the beginning (From now on, the Kingdom of Sardinia can be referred as Piedmont or Sardinia).

The conditions for unification were far from being ideal with Italy’s background, not to mention the recent Napoleonic Period and the ongoing Austrian occupation in the northeastern part, in the state of Lombardy-Venetia. There were Duchies established by the Bourbon family and the Habsburg-Lorraine, Tuscany being an example. The

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