Imperialism is the age-old way of increasing a country's power and influence by diplomatic or armed action in which the imperialized community can benefit, but more so become harmed. The imperial system under discussion will be the U.S. empire and how, through its hunger for expansion, encroached on the lives of the natives of the land. One community in particular that was victim to American imperialism was the Cheyenne tribe and more specifically the male warriors within that tribe. The Cheyenne warriors were a nomadic Native American tribe who lived in the Great Plains area of the United States. They were known for their horsemanship, and excellent hunting lifestyle who actively moved wherever the American buffalo went and hunted them for …show more content…
One photo will show little Cheyenne boy, soon to be a Cheyenne warrior, and a photo of Cheyenne and White men at a temporary camp.
The Cheyenne tribe (men, women, and children) are a Native American group who originally occupied the Great Plains area of the United States. The Cheyenne tribe was divided into two subgroups, the Southern Cheyenne and the Northern Cheyenne, but later the two merged in the early sometime after 1883 (Wikipedia, Cheyenne). The Cheyenne men had a strong nomadic culture and were a “horse and warrior people who developed as skilled and powerful mounted warriors” (Wikipedia, Cheyenne). The Cheyenne warriors were so skilled
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was a vast empire and as it continued to grow, it needed a more efficient means of transporting goods and resources along the different sides of the country and “in the 1890s America's territorial maturity could be thought to have been achieved” (R05, p. 102). From 1863-1869, the U.S. was building its transcontinental railroad, from the Eastern end to the Western end of the country where “massive growth had given new importance to the influence of business interests in American government” (R05, p.102). Such a project benefited the U.S. but “in its wake, the lives of countless Native Americans were destroyed, and tens of millions of buffalo. . . were nearly driven to extinction in a massive slaughter made possible by the railroad” (R03, p.3). As a safety measurement against the Native Americans, soldiers from East were sent along the construction of the railroad. As they accompanied the railroad, “Massive hunting parties began to arrive in the West by train. . . leaving a trail of buffalo carnage in their wake” (R03 p.6). This caused great conflict between the native tribes (including the Cheyenne) and the U.S. An example of this is where Gen. Sheridan “set about destroying the [Cheyenne’s] food, shelter and livestock with overwhelming force, leaving women and children at the mercy of the Army and Indian warriors little choice but to surrender or risk starvation” (R03, p.5). These kinds of invasions overwhelmed the Cheyenne warriors in the sense of how they were the
The Transcontinental Railroad definitely changed the lives of Native Americans forever. For example, conflicts arose as the railroad project continued westward. Because of this, military were brought in to fight the Native Americans. They were forced to relocate from their lands. This resulted in widespread destruction of their cultures and way of life.
In the novel Crazy Horse and Custer: The Parallel Lives of Two American Warriors by Stephen E. Ambrose (1996); the author tells the full story as to how the parallel cultures of the Sioux and the White Americans had shaped Crazy Horse and Custer into the great leaders that they needed to be. Crazy Horse was a brave warrior, who led many successful hunting and war parties and had the respect of his tribe (Ambrose, 1996). Custer was a Civil War hero, who had been put in charge of protecting the construction of the railroads from the Indian hostiles and later fight the Indians over their actions on the Plains (Ambrose, 1996). The Sioux and the White Americans had different ideas and concepts of warfare; as well as, what constituted a successful
“Out of the one hundred and fifty Indians seventy percent were women and children”(wikipedia.com). Reports indicated the Cheyennes were shot while pleading for mercy and some while trying to escape. Furthermore, there was a great amount of mutilation to the dead bodies of Indians. The bodies were reported to have been cut up, scalped, half of the body was gone. “Chivington would then display his scalp collection as a badge of pride”(ushistory.com).
Conflicts with Native Americans made the Old West physically violent because Americans and Native Americans were indiscriminately massacred by each other. As mentioned in “Field Notes: Overdosing on Dodge City” by Robert R. Dykstra, “What gave them[the Indian Wars] their ... murderous quality were the massacres of. .. women, children, the elderly - by ... young males from both sides...” Violence towards women and children was seen in massacres such as the Sand Creek Massacre in 1864 when around one hundred and fifty Native American people were killed, and most of them were women and children. The U.S. Army troops that killed them were ordered by Colonel Chivington to open fire on a group of Native Americans without regarding the presence
President Jefferson told Lewis and Clark to “cultivate good relations with the Sioux” because at the time “the Sioux were the dominant power on the northern and central Great Plains more than able to hold their own against white Americans in the first half of the nineteenth century.” (The American Journey Ch.13 Pg.349). This was because the Sioux were able to successfully mix important components of American life with their traditions. Unfortunately these components including guns they had acquired from the French and horses introduced to the New World by the Spanish helped the Sioux push weaker tribes to the south and west of the Missouri River basin. These weak tribes became dependent on the Sioux.
Author Dee Brown presents a factual as well as an emotional version of the relationship among the Indians, the American settlers, and the U.S. government. The massacre at Wounded Knee Creek in South Dakota on December 29, 1890, provides the backdrop for the narrative. In his introduction, Brown states the reason for his work. Thousands of accounts about life in the American West of the late nineteenth century were written. Stories are told of the traders, ranchers, wagon trains, gunfighters, and gold-seekers.
Indians were removed from their homeland and killed. This was directly attributed to the Lewis and Clark expedition which spurred the movement. Although it most likely was not the intentions of the group, their effects on Westward Expansion was the beginning to an end for Native Americans, and has left impressions on history that are still present
European adventurers who visited America faced little resistance from the local populations. This fact has been attributed to some vulnerabilities which made it difficult for Native Americans to wage a war against the European foreigners (Digital History, n.d). The wrangles among the local communities have been cited as among the factors that lowered the defense capacity of Native Americans. These communities fought over such resources as water and land for farming. For instance, the Hopi and Zuni communities had an uneasy relationship that was characterized by conflicts (Digital History, n.d).
They believed the land was theirs to use as they saw fit. The Union Pacific's progress through the upper plains put construction workers in the path of the Plains Indians. Under the command of General Grenville Dodge, the U.S. army battled warriors from many Indian tribes, including the Sioux, Arapahoe, and Cheyenne in areas of Wyoming, Nebraska, as well as Colorado. The Sand Creek Massacre in 1864, in which U.S. Army forces raided and killed 150 Cheyenne Indian villagers, and the Cheyenne retribution at Julesburg, Colorado, a few weeks later were commonplace along the route of the railroad. (Cultural Impact of Building the Transcontnental Railroad
The Western Indian Wars was a conflict between “the Western tribes and the U. S troops ended with the 1886 surrender of Apache leader Geronimo in Arizona and the 1890 overthrow of the Sioux at Wounded Knee in South Dakota (“America’s Wars”, 2004).” Throughout the history of the United States, American Indians were treated poorly. Ever since the white men crossed the Atlantic Ocean 200 years ago till the mid 1900’s the poor treatment and killing of Indians never ceased. U.S polices passed between the Revolutionary war and the mid 1900’s hurt American Indians and put them at an extreme disadvantage. There were series of wars, before the western Indian wars in the United States.
From 1863-1868, the Navajos, or Diné, found themselves the target of a major campaign by the Union Army and surrounding enemies in the American Southwest, resulting in a program of removal and internment. The Navajos know it as “The Long Walk” a series of devastating acts of violence from multiple factions of various enemies. The perspectives of Navajos regarding the “Long Walk” can grant a new context to the changes occurring in the American Southwest during the American Civil War, where the focus of the Union’s military might fell upon Native Americans instead of Confederate forces. Thus, rather than as a program of Indian removal resulting from the Civil War militarization of the Southwest. Navajos perceived the forces working against them
“An 1890 massacre left 150 Native Americans dead” (Wounded Knee 1). As well as the Red River War, “The Comanche population had been reduced to 1,597” (Comanche Reading 5). With its intended purpose of wiping all Indians to the reservation. A complete annihilation of Native tribes, their families and their populations; conflicts and killings that could have been
The 1870s, the time after the Civil War, was a decade of imperialism, great invention, reconstruction, labor unions and strikes, and the Sioux Wars. Especially The battle of the little Bighorn, was a crushing defeat for the 7th Cavalry Regiment of the United States Army under George Armstrong Custer. The 700 men strong 7th Cavalry Regiment were defeated by the Lakota, Northern Cheyenne, and Arapaho, which were leaded by several important war leaders, including Crazy Horse and Chief Gall, Sitting Bull. The reason of the Sioux Wars, and so also of the battle of the little Bighorn, was that the Native Americans fight for their land. The Battle of Little Bighorn was a training point in the relation between America and Native America because
Life for the Native Americans was much harder during and after the western expansion. For example, the US took land from the Indians leading the formation of reservations, White men almost hunted the Buffalo , an important food source for the Indians, to extinction, and forced the Indians to get rid of their culture. Because of the western expansion, the area of land the Indians could occupy decreased significantly. The government would make treaties with the Indians allowing them to keep a certain area of land, but this would soon be broken ; When the Pacific Railroad Act was passed it stated that wherever a track was laid the company would own any land 200 ft surrounding the track including Indian land ; the Government would make sure that
The treaty the US government signed with the Indians in 1851 granted the Indians to have an extensive territory, which means the Indians can get more land, but eventually that did not last(doc 3,4). One of the most important and well-known wars was the Sand Creek Massacre. On November 29, 1864, John Chivington led 700 troops in an unprovoked attack on the Arapaho and Cheyenne villagers. There they killed over 200 women, children, and older men. US Indian Commissioner admitted that :We have substantially taken possession of the country and deprived the Indians of their accustomed means of support.”