CHAPTER 2
LITERATURE REVIEW & CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
2.1 Literature review
In this chapter, it will discuss the literature review and conceptual framework of the impression of viral message through WhatsApp to the Malaysian people. Nowadays, smartphones, gadgets and any smart devices are becoming very important aspects in human life. Social media is a powerful communication tool today. Viral message through WhatsApp can impress many parties whether from the point of negative or positive ways. WhatsApp is an application that allows users worldwide to exchange text messages and multimedia contents instantly such as videos, audio and photos (Pierdomenico Fiadino et al., 2014).
According to Manuel Gomez-Rodriguez et al. (2014), the rise of social
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The impression can be in positive or negative ways to the users. The Digital News Report 2017 report found that internet users in Malaysia recorded the world's largest use of WhatsApp applications, 51% for information and sharing stories. According to Communications and Multimedia Minister, Datuk Seri Dr Salleh Said Keruak said the other popular social media in Malaysia was Facebook, YouTube, WeChat and Instagram respectively. The report also stated that Malaysians received news through social media by 86%, printed 45%, television 54% and radio 15% (Astro Awani, Sept 2017).
According to infographic below, data from Agency of Ministry of Youth And Sport show a rapid growth increasing of WhatsApp user from 2009 to 2015, the number of active user almost 800 million every month. Social networking is a medium to connect and user loves to gain information from this application (https://www.iyres.gov.my/index.php/en/800-juta-pengguna-whatsapp).
Figure 2.2 (b) Infographic of WhatsApp Application User Source: Agency Of Ministry of Youth and
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According to Md. Golam Rabbani Sarker (2015), more than 50% WhatsApp users agreed with the fact that WhatsApp is responsible for social isolation. They become antisocial and not mingle with others because of addicted to the media social. Recently we were surprised by the fraudulent incidents in social media and many parties became victims. One of the tactics used is to use the government department name for fraud. Many cases occur when a scammer sends an email to the user or links to WhatsApp and asks them to push the link. Consequently the money in the user's account is lost in the blink of an eye. The spread of viral messages about this scammer is fast. The cyber scam in Malaysia has been reported as most incident happened in quarter 4 2013. But in 2014, the increasing of the cases is quickly growing compared to the crime types and causes a serious destruction to political, economic and social sectors (Ahmad Safwan Hamsi et al., 2015). Figure 2.2 (c) below show the statistics of spam emails occurred in 2017 by CyberSecurity. The highest report is on February 2017. This spam email whether contain virus, spam network and connect
Social Media: How It Is Changing Our Lives I. Introduction A. Attention Getter a. 91% of Internet access is for social networking. 73% of that is smartphone owners browsing through social media through their smart phones at least once per day. b. Facebook is one of the most distinguishable social networking sites because of the popularity among students, parents, etc. c.
The rapid proliferation of information technology has led to a significant rise in the number of people who use the internet in one way or another. With the growth in the number of persons who have an internet connection; certain individuals have begun to exploit this resource through the unethical practice of Identity theft. As more and more individuals are posting their personal information online, cybercriminals are stealing this information with the aim of assuming the victim's identity so as to either obtain financial advantage or benefits that are associated with the victim (Jewkes, 2013). The act of stealing other people's identity cannot be considered as ethical because it violates the victim's right to privacy.
Social media was created two decades ago and has developed a lot since 1997 when it had first made an appearance in the world. Before social media many people did not have a way to communicate or interact with others using electronics, everything was verbal or written. When social media first made a blogging page it became a hit as told by Small Business Trends, “In 1999, the first blogging sites became popular, creating a social media sensation that is still popular today.” Social media has made an impact in many people’s lives throughout the years. After blogging was invented, social media exploded with popularity.
The Internet Privacy also has a risk because there are many ways in which people can divulge their personal information, for instance by use of “Social Media” and by sending bank and credit card information to various websites. Moreover, directly observed
Thirty years ago, the concept of social media would have seemed impossible. A place where a person can show everyone they know what they are doing in two seconds from any city seems insane. Today, it is the daily ritual of the average teenager, including myself. I start my mornings looking at Instagram and end my nights looking at Snapchat. The middle of the day is for YouTube.
The aim of this paper is to understand the various Positive and Negative effects of social networking sites. II. EFFECTS OF SOCIAL MEDIA ON YOUTH, SOCIETY AND BUSINESS Social media has a great influence on the life of many young people today. Now a day’s most of the people engage themselves in Social media without being bothered about what is its impact on our lives.
Social Media is Deterrent to the Progression to Humanity Social media is a term used to depict the connection between groups or people in which they create, share, and here and there trade thoughts over the internet and in virtual groups. The impact of social networks on youngsters is huge. Social media have increased astonishing overall development and prominence which has prompted to drawing in consideration from assortment of researchers comprehensively. In spite of the fact that with time all eras has come to grasp the progressions social network has realized, teenagers and youthful adults are the most aficionado users of these sites (Taylor).
Living in the modern era makes social media become part of our life. Basically, social media are used for communication and social interaction. Based on the Merriam-Webster, social media are forms of electronic communication (as websites for social networking and microblogging) through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages, and other content (as videos). There are lots of social media that people use nowadays such as Instagram, Twitter, Facebook, Snapchat, Path, and others. Most of people probably have two or more social media’s accounts.
November, 2015 Social media and its vague credibility Thesis Statement: Social media is not a reliable source of news because of its vulnerability to fake information, lack of validation, and the journalists’ inclusion of biases. Nowadays, people would not do something the traditional way, most especially, if there is a shortcut, less energy-requiring. The ever-busy world, which continuously develops, created people who lack patience, who are always up for instants—instants such as instant updates. They are always eager to know what has just happened or what is currently happening.
There was no such thing as worldwide web to provide instant access to information. Now internet is almost everywhere and changing our live. This research paper will focus on social engineering attacks taking place in the digital realm and addresses the following questions. What social engineering is?
Impact Social Media in Society Social Media is a medium that uses technology to share all the information that occurs in society or about one 's life and networks. Social Media technologies take on various forms including magazines, internet forums, weblogs, social blogs, microblogging, wikis, podcasts, photos or images, videos, social rankings and bookmarks. Social Media in the Society has a big impact on the daily life. Everbody can used social media, it could be young or old people.
Most social network sites are web based and provide a variety of ways for users to interact, such as e-mail and instant messaging services. Social media is a popular trend today, especially among students. Lenhart, Purcell, Smith and Zickuhr said that “72% of all college students have a social media
The world we live in today is predominately changing with the advancement of digital communication in the daily aspects of our life. The rapid growth and evolution of digital communication, has resulted in it now becoming the backbone of the way we interact with other people. Beginning from simple 160-character SMS messages to text’s influence on the internet including Facebook, Twitter, Blogs and Instagram and then introduced on our mobile phones with BBM and whatsapp; digital communication has become a part of our spoken discourse. Digital communication in every aspect has impacted our lives as it helps jobs and businesses communicate a lot faster through e-mail, multimedia and texting.
Social media is an online service, platform or site that focuses on building and reflecting of social networks or social relations among people who share interest or activities. Some famous sites are Facebook, Twitter, Instagram and YouTube. The generalization of the internet makes us live conveniently and fast. We live in time where communication is possible without having to exert so much effort. We live in the time where social media is the main medium of communication.
CYBER CRIME Cybercrime is one of the fastest growing type of crime in our society today and have also been a serious problem since it causes a lot of damages and also affect us in different ways. But before I go further let me start by telling you the meaning of cybercrime, Cybercrime is different and more heinous than normal crime that we know. This crime is committed in an electronic medium and here means read is not a requirement and is done in secret Feldman(2013). Cyber war takes place largely in secret, unknown to the general public of crimes include pornography, cyber fraud, defamation, cyber stalking, harassment, IPR theft, data hostage, money laundering, phishing, e-mail bombing, cyber war, illegal monitoring. Secondly let me talk about the effect of cybercrime in our society today.