Why Are Tsunamis So Dangerous To Humans

These tectonic plates are everywhere, under everything from the biggest mountain to the smallest hill. Though it is infrequent, volcanoes have been known to cause tsunamis. It happens when to volcano begins to erupt, but instead of coming out from the top of the volcano a lateral blast shoots out from the side. Next, a quickly moving avalanche of lava pours into the water near it causing the wave to travel to distant coastlines (Springer, 2005).

Some of these movements will be below the ocean, which will automatically force out an enormous amount of seawater. All that water will shoot up and then come crashing down, with one side charging towards the west and the other towards the east. Within 15 minutes of the earthquake, that 700-mile liquid wall will hit the Northwest coast. It is predicted that the combination of the earthquake and the tsunami, will result in 13,000 people killed and the Pacific Northwest totally wiped out and destroyed. Not only is it terrifying that the odds of this big hit are one in ten, but also the fact that people are not even preparing for this natural disaster.

A famous example would be the 2011 tsunami in Japan which resulted in a 9.0 magnitude earthquake. The tsunami waves rose to a height of 3 to 38 meters and hit on Honshu’s coastline causing many casualties and devastating damages to the vicinity (Sorkhabi, 2011). Knowing that the subduction zone can creates megathrust to cause tsunamis, people have adopted preventive measures to reduce death toll. Educating civilians about the warning signs before the arrival of a tsunami wave such as waves retreating rapidly from coastline and vibrations of the ground is important. With these indications, it gives more time for people to evacuate from the coast to higher ground (lecture 8, slide 43 & 52).

that zone is more subject to seismic disasters. Tectonic, volcanic, collapse and explosion, are the four different types of earthquakes. A tectonic earthquake is one that occurs when the earth 's crust breaks due to geological forces on rocks and adjoining plates that cause physical and chemical changes. A volcanic earthquake is when a volcano erupts and shakes the plates.

They have the same impact like secondary hazard. They are tsunamis, secondary hazard, that causes after the earthquake, tsunami had killed a lot of people and destroy area around there. The effect for Valdivia earthquake are too big so they’re traveled across to the Pacific Ocean and traveled along to the southern Chile, Hawaii, Philippine, Japan and etc, with the speed are over than 200 miles per hour. While the effect for Alaska is also big, that why this incident which is caused tsunami and massive landslides are also affect a lot in Canada to Hawaii.

Geology of the Hawaiian Island Chain The chain of Hawaiian Islands formed as the Pacific plate moved over a hot spot in the mantle of the Earth. The plate slowly moves northwestward at a rate of about 32 miles per million years. The northwestern islands are older and generally smaller due to prolonged exposure and erosion. Plate tectonics, types of volcanoes, hot spots, and sea mounts, are all an important part of the geology of the hawaiian island chain.

“This quake was so big”(Los Angeles Times 2). “The most important conclusion is not to panic”(Scientific American 2). In July 1958, Lituya Bay, Alaska was hit by three Geo processes. These were a massive earthquake, a harrowing rockslide, and a devastating tsunami.

little movement from the tectonic caused big things such as earthquake, but what exactly is San Andreas Fault? San Andreas fault is major fracture of the Earth’s crust in extreme western north America (Brittanica). San Andreas fault have caused so many earthquakes in U.S.A, causing many destruction, and causing lost of lifes. Now, What made Northridge Earthquake so destructive? While the Northridge earthquake was happening Californian people couldn’t predict it (u-s-history.com).

Technology allows us to find the origin of the tsunami and which plates are moving below the ocean. It also allows us to figure out the total duration of the tsunami and raise in water level. When a ship goes down in the middle of the ocean suddenly there are two interpretations

The oil spill later on caused a collapse of the Pacific Herrings’ population because nearly half of their eggs laid in 1989 were exposed to the oil (Liszka 1-30). These deadly outcomes changed their environment

It involves high-pressure injections of water and chemicals into rock formations, which in turn release natural gas (Thompson, “Hydraulic Fracturing Should Be Banned”). However, fracking can result in many negative outcomes. For instance, scientists who conducted the earthquake study for Geology discovered that not only did fracking cause the biggest earthquake in Oklahoma, but it also caused more earthquakes in states that hardly experienced any seismic activity (“Wastewater Injection Spurred Biggest Earthquake Yet, Says Study,” The Earth Institute Columbia University). In fact, quakes have hit so frequently in Oklahoma, that state and oil regulators decided to shut down five disposal wells due to the increasing number of earthquakes in a city named Cushing (“Oil Regulators Shut Down Two Disposal Wells After Earthquakes Near Cushing”, State Impact: NPR).

What damage did the Boxing Day tsunami cause? The Boxing Day tsunami destroyed parts of Indonesia, Shri Lanka, India, Thailand, Maldives, and Somalia killing about 230,000 people. It happened in 2004 on Dec. 26.

1 A hurricane is when the winds in a tropical depression rotate counterclockwise at more than seventy-four miles per hour. 2 People fear hurricanes because they can destroy lives and property. 3 Through storm surge, high winds, floods, and tornadoes is how hurricanes have killed thousands of people. 4 Storm surge is where the hurricane’s winds whip up a tide that spills over seawalls and deluges coastal islands.

The 1977 eruption raised awareness of the unique dangers posed by Nyiragongo, and because of this it was designated a Decade Volcano, worthy of particular study, in 1991. About 147 people died in a 2002 eruption from asphyxiation by carbon dioxide and buildings collapsing due to the lava and earthquakes. At least 15% of Goma comprising 4,500 buildings were destroyed, leaving about 120,000 people homeless. The eruption was the most destructive effusive eruption in modern

The ash fall destroyed crops down wind and closed a major roadway I-90 for 10 days. The overall cost of the damage (1980 dollars) was $1.1 billion. The destruction, loss of life, and economic costs make the volcano a massive natural hazard to humans. Volcanic