Rachel Danzig AP Psychology Dr. Eisen August 20, 2015 I. Psychology’s History A. Psychology’s Roots 1. Prescientific Psychology a. Socrates and his student Plato stated that the human mind is separate from the body and our knowledge is born within us b. Aristotle, Plato’s student, disagreed, concluding that knowledge can not be preexisting and we grow it from our experiences within our memories c. In the 1600s Rene Descartes believed that the mind can survive the body’s death and our brain holds animal spirits in its fluid and flow from the brain through nerves enabling reflexes d. In 1620 Francis Bacon established that humans functioned around order and patterns e. Adding to Bacon’s ideas was John Be a smart test-taker i. Take time to read prompts, questions, and organize your points III. Careers in Psychology A. What Psychologists in Various Professions Do and Where They Work 1. Basic Research Subfields a. Cognitive Psychologists look at biology and the correlations with memory, perception, memory, and judgment, and they can work as professors, or specialists in schools or businesses b. Developmental Psychologists study research changes due to age in regards to behavior, they can work in educational and school psychology or gerontology c. Educational Psychologists are involved in psychology pertaining to learning i. Provide ways to improve learning environments or methods ii. Could be employed by the government or employee training programs d. Experimental Psychologists work in research institutions, businesses or government facilities and study behavior in animals and humans to gain, in their subfield, scientific information for future useable data e. Psychometric and Quantitive Psychologists study data and methods to gain psychological knowledge i.
Mutually, contradictory results of neurological tests can not be regarded as allegedly scientific confirmation of existence and/or the lack of free will. Neither premise should not be underestimated, but even complexity and the mysteriousness of our brains gives rise to scepticism and uncertainty as it remains
The First Misadventure (The Chicken Squad, Book #1) by Doreen Cronin, illustrated by Kevin Cornell is the story of four little chicks: Dirt, Sugar, Poppy, and Sweetie who live in the backyard along with a retired search and rescue dog named J.J. Tully. J.J. tries to keep them out of trouble but often takes naps and that is when the trouble starts. When an adorable, though frightened squirrel named Tail enters the yard yelling “Help!” the chicks do their best to solve Squirrel’s ‘problem’. J.J. reappears at the end of the story to help solve the mystery. I really enjoyed this book. It is filled with humor causing me to laugh out loud many times as I read. The chick’s quirky personalities added to the enjoyment.
Have you heard of the next big food controversy? This one was brought to my attention and the attention of millions in the show Last Week Tonight. It is a sad story to talk about but an important one. Of course I am talking about how bad chicken farmers are treated. Oh, have you not heard of this news story? Well let me tell you how bad the chicken farms are treated, how they cannot defend themselves at all, and all of the debt they have with no money to pay it back with. So should we give farmers more support or are they fine the way they are? I believe they need our support now.
There is only one approach in psychology that studies thoughts, feelings and behaviour. The biological approach believes that the way we are is due to our genetics and physiology. They believe that the activity going on our nervous system’s is what affects the way we think, feel and behave (Sammons, 2009). The physiology in the biological approach looks into how the brain functions. The brain is a very complicated machine as such, the brain is what controls our every move, every feeling and every action. There are 3 different methods used to study the brain; neuro surgery, electroencephalograms and brains scans. Neuro surgery is used as a last resort as brain surgery is so dangerous, the nervous system can also be studied by surgery on the brain. Electroencephalograms is where electrodes are attached to the scalp and the brain waves are monitored. Brain scans can involve the CAT scan, PET scan. Both scans enable constant pictures to be provided during mental activity (McLeod,
A main limitation of psychology as a field of study is that it never captures the nature of consciousness (Willig, 2013), as human mind is bound up with meanings and interpretations which differ from one individual to another
The main aim of this assignment is to find out the strength and weakness, similarities and differences between the different approaches of psychology such as biological approach, behavioural approach and psychodynamic approach. I have chosen mental illness to evaluate these approach.
Williams-forson feels that the cultural practice of stealing chicken is a subversive one when she uses rock’s humor and the entire act to show black people cultural aspects concerning chicken. She sees this as a retrogressive culture since she notes the subversive ways where food is used to contest hegemonic representations of blackness portray a complicated aspect of identity. The whole idea of people competing for food in rock’s humor shows aspects that tend to portray black people with a culture that is not acceptable since food is a basic need that should be available for everyone. The whole idea of glorifying chicken is itself a subversive act that needs to be changed. All people should have equal portions of food regardless of who brought it to the table and this act of competing for a big piece of chicken shows how the African American culture is subversive and an unacceptable cultural behavior. Due to this food contest, Williams-forson feels the whole culture is
There are four main perspectives in psychology. These are known as; biological perspective, learning perspective, cognitive perspective, and sociocultural perspective. Each perspective aids in the understanding of human behavior. However, not one perspective can explain all of human behaviors. This is due to each perspective playing different roles in ones behavior. To fully understand human behaviors scientist must understand the four perspectives.
When Chickenheads Come Home to Roast: A Hip-Hop Feminist Breaks It Down examines feminism in the black community based on the author and journalist Joan Morgan’s experiences and perceptions of sexism and racism of black women. The author talks about the stereotyped labeling and fear of being called a feminist. Several questions are raised such as: what is a strong black woman, why black men are endangered and what are the effects of hip-hop music lyrics on black women? Feminism is challenged in regard to male reproductive rights and equality. The unfamiliar dialogue is opened between professional women and the “chickenhead” concerning their relationship with black men. The illustrative thoughts, poems, figurative letters and autobiographical
Psychologist view behaviorism as a more scientific point of view based on laws of learning that explains the way humans behave. Cognitivism has helped psychologist today with understating inside the brain and how it functions. A field based on Cognitivism called cognitive neuroscience has helped psychologist come up with a better view between the relationship of the brain and of thinking. On the other hand the humanistic view has little impact on science, this is because psychologist consider it a therapy. The humanistic approach has almost become universal in that psychologist establish a relationship with empathy and
The documentary was informative about information that is discussed globally, but is not explained in full detail about the negative aspects that non-political people actually see. For example, the “war on drugs,” was originally started by President Nixon. The rumored main objective was to throw black people away and antiwar left. I believe that white people were fearful of black people after the 13th amendment was passed, which formally ended slavery in 1865. From 1865 till now, some people still express that fear because black people have all the freedoms and rights that everyone else has. One of the reasons for making marijuana illegal, was to avoid white woman and black men from being social and interacting with one another. After President
The human mind is one of the most intricate structures that God has ever created. Understanding that each and every individual holds their own thought pattern with varying degrees of complexity is difficult. Nothing has more influence over a person greater than the influences of the mind. It is responsible for behavior, which then turns into characteristic habits. Psychology as we know it today has only been in practice since the early 1900’s. Before this science came to fruition several authors delved into the theories of how the mind worked. At the top of that list of authors is Edgar Allan Poe, the founder of the “short story” and the mystery murder story. Poe seems to have been overly aware of how the nuances of the mind worked and what
Chapter one is about introducing psychology. In this chapter we learn about the the history of psychology and how it came to be. Since psychologists belonging to specific ethnic groups or cultures have the most interest in studying the psychology of their communities, these organizations provide an opportunity for the growth of research on the impact of culture on individual and social psychology. While psychology typically focuses on the immediate causes of behavior based in the physiology of a human or other animal, evolutionary psychology seeks to study the ultimate biological causes of behavior. Other organizations provide networking and collaboration opportunities for professionals of several ethnic or racial groups working in psychology,
One of the most interesting subjects that depicts many explanations about human behavior is psychology. Every human being tends to have a distinct behavior, depending on the situation that he or she was exposed to. The presence of other human beings cause the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of the person to be controlled or influenced. There is a considerable amount of factors in which the actions of human beings around them are responsible for the process of making their decisions. Therefore, finding an explanation through psychology, for the different specific reactions that human beings exhibit is important. Social psychology is an important sector of psychology that takes interpersonal relationships into consideration. Over the years, many theories have been developed to aid in explaining human behavior, especially ones that administer social experiences. The main focus of this assignment is the analysis of the cognitive dissonance theory in social psychology. Cognitive dissonance theory attempts to explain the human behavior through cognition, in which individuals always look for stability in their attitudes and behaviors (Festinger, 1985). In which, if this stability was disrupted then changes to their actions must occur in order for the dissonance created from their behaviors or attitudes to be restored. The uncomfortable feelings produced as a result of dissonance cause alteration in the person’s beliefs which aid in the relief of uncomfortable feelings created