Why Do Animal Cells Use For Photosynthesis

Yousef Hariri

Professor Fowler

Bio 10

September 24, 2017

Writing Assignment 1

1) A simple way to check whether the cells are bacterial, plant, or animal would be to examine the characteristics of a single cell. A big difference that bacterial cells have that is not found in plant or animal cells is a Nucleoid, which is a certain area whether the genome of the bacteria lies. To differentiate a plant cell from the other two types, one can look for either a cell wall and/or chloroplast, which is what plant cells use for photosynthesis. Animal cells do have Centrioles which help in the process of cell division in animal cells.

2) Viruses are nonliving parasites that find a host cell and use it for its own reproduction. Viruses are “nonliving”

Cellular respiration occurs from gathering glucose in food and using the oxygen in the air to provide energy in the form of ATP. Glucose is first broken down inside the cytoplasm of the cell through the process of glycolysis. In the second stage, pyruvate (products of glycolysis) molecules are taken into the mitochondria and changed into 2-carbon molecules. After the new molecules are created, they go through a process called Krebs cycle, in which the molecules form compounds that will be used during the next step of respiration as well as a small amount of ATP. The next and final stage is the creation of ATP using the energy in an election transport chain. During this process, molecules grab energy from electrons while moving around. This process occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Photosynthesis takes place within the chloroplasts of a plant cell. The chlorophyll within the chloroplast absorbs the light while carbon dioxide is grabbed from the air through an area of the leaves of a plant called the stroma. Water is also obtained through the roots of a plant which absorb water through root hairs. Next, the light energy goes through many electron transfer reactions inside of the thylakoid membrane, which is found within the chloroplast. Another reaction, (dark reaction), takes place is the stroma of the chloroplast. The Calvin cycle takes place where the

Meiosis and mitosis also go through very similar sequences although meiosis has 2 phases by which it does this process. Both processes also breakdown the nuclear membrane, separate the genetic material into a pair, and go through cell division and reconstruction in each cell. In meiosis however, two cell division take place whereas mitosis only goes through one. Meiosis also ends up with four daughter cells that are not genetically identical while mitosis ends up with two daughter cells that are identical to one another as well as the parent cell. Another difference is that the crossing over of chromosomes occurs in meiosis (during prophase I) but not in mitosis, which is a very major difference. Lastly, the daughter cells to come from meiosis are haploid while the daughter cells to come from mitosis are diploid. Meiosis occurs in the sexual reproductive cycle because it allows fertilization to take place, with a sperm and egg both going through this process. All cells besides reproductive or germ cells go through mitosis and allows for the duplication of cells whenever or wherever more cells are