Women In Unorganized Sector

Women in unorganized sector: Issues and Challenges
Akash Tandon
ABSTRACT
An Unorganized Sector can be defined as the sector where the elements of the Organized Sector are absent. Unorganized sector was coined by the British economist Keith Hart in 1971, which emerged as a one of the dynamic and vibrant sector. This sector broadly corresponds to the household sector which includes private unincorporated enterprises. The unorganized sector also includes some formal activities on which there is no regular system of data availability. Unorganized sector comprises of major part of Indian Economy. In unorganized sector, those enterprises and employments are involved which are unregistered under any legal provision. More than 90% man power contributes

The unorganized sector, on the other hand, has no such clear-cut employer-employee relationships and lacks most forms of social protection. Having no fixed employer, these workers are casual, contractual, migrant, home based, own-acount workers who atempt o earn a living from whatever meagre assets and skills they poses. As the unorganized sector suffers from cycles of excessive seasonality of employment, majority of the unorganized workers does not have stable durable avenues of employment. The workplace is scattered and fragmented. There is no formal employer – employee relationship. In rural areas, the unorganized labour force is highly stratified on caste and community considerations. In urban areas while such considerations are much less, it cannot be said that it is altogether absent as the bulk of the unorganized workers in urban areas are basically migrant workers from rural areas. The unorganized workers do not receive sufåcient attention from the trade unions. Inadequate and ineffective labour laws and standards relating to the unorganized sector. The unorganized sector is characterized by the presence of factors viz. long hours of work, wage discrimination of men and women, lack of job security, no minimum wages, lack of minimum facilties at work place, il-treatment, heavy physical work and sexual exploitation etc. The laboring women generaly work in unorganized sector. They are outside the reach of Protective Labour Laws and Trade Union Organizations. They are not offered fair wages and decent arms of work. There are hardly any opportunites to improve their income because in this sector, females work generally as laborers in unskiled ocupations, do traditonal work as domestic servants. The proces of globalization, export oriented industrialization