Working Memory Model
William Campana
1-12-17
IB Psych
Two Models of One Cognitive Process
Two well known models for memory are the multi-store model, and the working memory model. The multi-store model was proposed by Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968). It suggests that memory is a flow of information through a system. The working memory model was discovered by Baddeley & Hitch. It was discovered as an alternative to the multi-store model of memory. It has been developed to directly challenge the idea of a single unitary store for short-term memories.
The working memory model is based on the findings of the dual-task study. It suggests that there are four separate components to our working memory. The most important component is called the central executive. It is involved with both problem solving and decision-making. Its also in control of attention and has a very important role in planning and synthesizing information, not only from the subsidiary systems but also from Long Term Memory. It is able to process information from any modality but has a limited storage capacity and can attend to a limited number of things at once. Another important component of the working memory model is the phonological
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Unlike the multi-store model, the working memory model has been useful in understanding which parts of the memory system may be linked to underlying problems in reading and mathematical skills. The model focuses on the processes of integrating information, rather than on the isolation of the subsystems. This provides a much better basis for understanding the more complex aspects of executive control in working memory. Although the multi-store model is a good representation, it does not prove how some brain-damaged patients are good at spatial but not visual tasks, evidence that we have a visual and spatial
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