Energetic Arousal Analysis
From a physiological perspective, arousal is the level of central nervous system activation or excitation along a continuum of behavioural states (Razmjou, 1996, as cited in Dunn, 2011). These states can range from a deep sleep to a state of alarm (Grandjean, 1979, as cited in Dunn, 2011). Low workload situations are likely to be related to physiological states associated with drowsiness, weariness, or when the individual is hardly awake, relaxed or resting (Dunn, 2011). Theories of arousal also take into account the self-reported experiential feelings of the individual. Thayer (1978, as cited in Dunn, 2011) separated arousal into two phenomenological dimensions; ‘energetic arousal’ and ‘tense arousal’. Energetic arousal is associated with …show more content…
McBain’s (1970) distinction between objective monotony and subjective monotony is adopted by Dunn. Objective monotony encompasses the objective conditions of a particular task, such as repetition and the predictability of the tasks and is defined as an ‘objective task-related characteristic of an environment that is unchanging or that changes in a repetitive and predictable way’. Subjective monotony is the subjective appraisal of a particular task or tasks and is usually consciously manifested and experienced as boredom. The distinction is important as monotonous tasks are not always a direct antecedent of boredom and boredom states can arise from non-monotonous …show more content…
However, the scope of this project was to focus on the task-related factors associated with low workload therefore these other factors are only briefly discussed below.
The individual factors associated with low workload include sleep-related fatigue and circadian rhythms. Broadly speaking, lack of sleep enhances the effects of low workload situations as it can reduce arousal levels. Williamson, Lombardi, Folkard, Stutts, Courtney and Connor (2011) conducted a review on fatigue and performance and defined sleep-related fatigue as fatigue caused by a ‘reduction in the quantity or quality of sleep, or extension of the time awake since sleep’ and this produces ‘a homeostatic drive to sleep’, which is often experienced as sleepiness.
Circadian rhythms are the 24 hour sleep-awake cycle that humans experience. Circadian rhythms have been well-documented to be linked with states of arousal and alertness (Dunn, 2011). Williamson et al (2011) concluded circadian rhythms are linked to safety outcomes. As with fatigue, the direct effects of circadian rhythms are difficult to empirically observe as they interact with other factors such as time since waking, rest breaks or lighting
Sleep By Harakami Analysis
1804 Words | 8 PagesWith exceptional haste we begin to recite our knowledge of the human mind. As is stated in The Twenty-Four Hour Mind by Rosalind D. Cartwright, sleep allows our brain to consolidate our experiences and memories of the day (Cartwright 30) while we lay in a semi-vegetative state (Cartwright iix). The consequences of lack of sleep are evident in studies performed on individuals who suffer from insomnia. In “Sleep in the Workplace: What the Psychologist-Manager Should Know About Sleep”, the article highlights the cognitive effects that lack of sleep can have on an individual including impaired working memory, learning capability, and decision-making (Gaulltney & Collins-McNeil 135). Our rational mind dismisses Murakami’s obvious fictional short story and dismounts every claim that a human could survive without sleep.
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Sleepless In American Analysis
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Persuasive Essay On Daylight Saving Time
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Sleep Deprivation In Nursing Essay
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Nursing: The Nursing Process
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Sleep And Teens: Annotated Bibliography
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Sleeping Persuasive Speech Outline
577 Words | 3 PagesState Thesis & Main Points: Having trouble sleeping can cause you not to function as efficiently, but there are ways to help
Sleep Deprivation In College Students
856 Words | 4 PagesSleep deprivation is the lack of sleep needed to function to full potential. While college is known for staying up all night, and cramming for exams, this term of sleep deprivation is starting to take a serious toll. Over the years the sleeping patterns of students attending college and universities has changed dramatically. Studies show that as time goes on the average night of sleep students are getting is decreasing drastically (Jensen, 2003). The way students are falling into this lack of sleep are by forming an irregular sleep-wake cycle, which consists of getting little to no sleep during the week, then on weekends catching up on all the missed sleep.
Fatigue Theory In Nursing
929 Words | 4 PagesNurses fatigue is growing problem nurse face each day in the healthcare environment, and he can be caused by long hours, sleep deprivation, and possibly by accepting extra assignments can be dangerous for both nurses and patient. These inadequacies can result in major implications for the health and safety of registered nurses and can compromise patient care which can lead to fatalities. (American Nurses Association, 2014). In my experience, being fatigued from working much 12-hour shifts consecutively was very difficult as I felt extremely tired, resulting in lack of focus, missing important details during the handing over the process with impaired cognitive functioning. This I found was detrimental to the patients and myself as it impedes quality and has a deleterious effect on patient safety.
Reflection Paper On Sleep
1235 Words | 5 PagesUniversity students including myself time and again lay off sleep for other happenings such as studying, doing homework or even just staying up for the night with a friend. Through a biological clock called the Circadian rhythm, our bodies follow the twenty-four hour cycle of each day and night. Throughout the week, postponing sleep and missing meals makes it arduous to concentrate in class. After lunch, I tend to grow heavy-eyed and tired which leads to me struggling to focus on my other courses. In the afternoon, this impacts my body because it does not give me energy, but instead makes me snooze earlier in the day.
Effect Of Emotion On Sports Performance
957 Words | 4 PagesPhysiological effect of emotion on sports performance 3.1 Cortisol and overtraining - the negative emotional cycle Participation in sports can also contribute in physiological effect to the body that further causes emotional response which affects sports performance. Cortisol, also known as a glucocorticoid functions so that it increases the amount of energy available to the body. For example, when waking up in the morning, the level of cortisol temporarily increases which makes us feel more energetic and helps us to get out of bed. The same can happen with sports. During an effective training session or a race day, the cortisol’s key function is to enable the use of stored carbohydrates and fats, but also to convert proteins into glucose
Speech On Importance Of Sleeping
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The Importance Of Boredom In School
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