1. Zero Reject
Principle one is called Zero Reject. It deals with locating, identifying and serving all students with disabilities ages 3 to 21. There are two criteria for eligibility. The first is that the student must have a disability that is covered the IDEA. The second is that the student needs special education and related services because of their disability.
2. Protection in Evaluation
The second principle is protection in evaluation. When beginning the evaluations, the Local Education Agency (LEA) conducts the proper evaluations before providing special education services to a student who has a disability. The student is assessed in each area related to the disability that is suspected. The school uses a variety of tools and assessments to collect information to assist in determining if the student has a disability and the student’s educational needs. Once the data is collected and interpreted the IEP team makes the decision as to if the student requires services and what his or her placement should be.
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Students may only be removed completely when their education in regular classes with the use of aids and services is not able to be achieved satisfactorily. There are some inappropriate considerations such as placing students according the category or severity of their disability, cost and placement where services are usually provided. There are four themes of a least restrictive environment, appropriateness, individualization, options and inclusion bias. When determining if a least restrictive environment is appropriate placement for a student, there are three factors to consider. The first is determining what is appropriate for the student. The second is determining if FAPE can be achieved in the general education classroom with supplementary aids and the third is providing integrated experiences for the
Robert Dominguez, Principal of Diamond Valley Middle School explains that a current problem facing DVMS is finding ways to integrate the new AVID policies and procedures into the fabric of our school while maintaining an inclusive environment while working towards our schoolwide vision. Naturally, the DVMS vision and mission aligns well with the AVID mission since DVMS has been working towards becoming an AVID Demonstration School while attempting to maintain our Site of Distinction Status. In addition, we are working on developing more inclusive practices in regard to the placement of our special education students. Mr. Dominguez explains that in an attempt to promote AVID school-wide and allow all students admittance into the program (inclusion versus exclusion) we have inadvertently hurt our chances of obtaining Demo status or maintaining our Site of Distinction. Currently, we have more F's than is considered acceptable by AVID therefore we have to develop a system to identify, track, and drop AVID students fairly and
Three laws that have shaped and resolved the rights and services available to the students with disabilities will be discussed in this section. Section 504 of Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the Individuals with Disabilities Act( IDEA )and The Americans Disabilities Act( ADA). The IDEA is the major federal statute providing educational rights to students with disabilities. Even so, two other statutes, Section 504 of the rehabilitation Act and ADA which was modified recently (ADA,2006,2008), also have implication for the disciplinary process when it involves students with disabilities ( Russo & Osborne, 2009). Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act is the first federal civil rights law protecting the rights of persons with disabilities.
It is important for all parties to keep the best interest of the child in mind. I agree that we need to change the current believes about special education. A special education teacher can work with any students who is struggling not just a student with an IEP. Of course, children with IEPs must come first because that is what the teacher is hired for. I agree that FAPE is very hard to define for most parties involved with writing the IEP.
Divide the chapter, as best you can discern, into thirds. Identify the thirds by indicating the page numbers within each. Choose one quote from within each third of the chapter and record both the quote and the page number on which it was found. At the bottom of this paper identify one question you have about the information you read in this chapter. First Third Page____163_______ to _____169_______ Page___164______ Caught my eye: “The written IEP serves as an accountability tool for teachers, parents, and school administrators as they conduct a program of learning for the student….
Legal Issues There are several federal laws governing special education which include: Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA), No Child Left Behind (NCLB), and Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Not all students with disabilities are eligible for special education and related services under federal and state special education laws. “In order to be eligible for special education and related services under federal and state law, a student must qualify under one of the thirteen eligibility categories found in the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Among the categories is emotional disturbance (ED), which is defined
1. Facts: Explain the essential facts of the case. Tell the story of the case. Jacob Winkleman is a 6-year-old student at Pleasant Valley Elementary School in Parma, Ohio. Jacob was diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder and is covered under the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (Act or IDEA), 84 Stat. 175, as amended, 20 U. S. C. §1400 et seq.
The information collected has to be kept secure and make sure that the information is only used by right people. Disabilities Discrimination Act 1995 The act states school must make provisions for access for Pupils with disabilities and that schools must ensure that no pupils should be taken off from school due to disabilities. New schools must make provision in all areas for pupils with disabilities whereas existing schools make provision for children with disabilities by some modifications or alterations. SEN code of practice SEN code of practice act 2001 helps children with special educational needs to participate in full range of activities provided by the school setting.
Why is it important that students with disabilities have access to the general education curriculum? What are some ways to help these students to access the general education curriculum? If students are limited to only a resource room for their educational experience they run the risk of receiving a narrowed curriculum reduced to practice of individual skills. Exclusion from general education classrooms may also result in lowered expectations because students are not exposed to peers with skills that they are working towards learning.
According to her IEP team, Stacy should remain in the least restrictive environment, or the general education classroom, while working towards her goals. Later on in the document it states that Stacy should be in a special education class sometimes, but for most of her learning she should remain in the general education classroom, which is again important because of reasons I stated in my previous example. The term LRE is very necessary to be mentioned in an IEP because it indicates how much time a student will spend in the general education classroom, and how much time they will spend in another class, like a special education class. Being in these different types of classrooms can show how severe a students disability is, or what kind of disability they have, and can affect the kind of help they receive and how well they might transition into living an independent life upon graduation. For most students, it is best to have them remain in the general education classroom to maintain being social with their peers, but sadly some students don’t have this option and have to be in another type of class to benefit them the
Evaluation and Placement of Special Education Students Special education is to function as part of the general education framework. Development of special education through laws such as IDEA, identified children with disabilities and unique needs that was best addressed with additional intervention not typical to the general education student. Appropriate placement of a child must follow appropriate evaluation, including the information from parents and a variety of assessments. Ethical practices and compliance with laws and regulations which protect student and parent privacy are crucial due to the confidential information gathered in the process.
Higher education institutions are facing student populations with increasing diverse academic and non-academic needs (LaRocco, Anderson & Archambault, 2013). Today, diversity in higher education is the norm, as students display a high degree of diversity in terms of age, ethnicity, native languages, religion beliefs, family responsibilities, socio-economic status, academic preparation, learning styles, abilities, and disabilities (McGuire & Scott, 2006; Zeff, 2007). Specific disabilities frequently identified in higher education include: Learning Disabilities (LD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), other mental disorders such as depression and anxiety, chronic health conditions, and mobility and/or sensory impairments (OECD, 2003). Recent studies distinguish between disabilities that are manifested by “visible” characteristics (e.g., wheelchair users, visual impairments), and those manifested by psychological processes, also called “hidden” or “invisible” (e.g., LD, ADHD; Leake & Stodden, 2014). Prevalence estimates of students with disabilities vary by country.
It is not possible to reach broad conclusions about all students with disabilities, and even within groupings, caution should be exercised. Distinctions between categories of disability are not absolute. There is a wide range of severity, with and without co-occurring conditions. It is necessary to consider some broad groupings of students with somewhat similar conditions to understand their needs and the services they require. Respect and understanding will be notice when children of differing disabilities and cultures play and learn together.
Special education is a discipline marked by a lot of controversy and which elicits a heated debate among education administrators, parents, and teachers. Full inclusion, which is the belief that disabled students should be incorporated into regular classrooms, regardless of whether they meet conventional curricular standards or not, is the major point of controversy. Full inclusion embraces the idea that disabled students should undertake regular education and only be excluded in a class when important services cannot be offered to them (Nelson, Palonsky, & McCarthy, 2010). This paper seeks to delve into the arguments surrounding full inclusion and establish their validity. It will achieve this by highlighting the arguments for and against
In the article “Outcomes for Students With Learning Disabilities in Inclusive and Pullout Programs”, researchers in education programs conducted a study to compare the students’ academic behavior between inclusive and special schools. Throughout their study, the researchers took several factors into
In regular education classrooms the majority of the time students receive whole-group instructions. Their methods of instructions consist in lectures, discussions, case studies, writing, group projects, public reviews, and independent student projects. In contrast, different instructional techniques are used for some students with special educational needs. Instructional strategies are classified as being either accommodations or modifications. An accommodation is a reasonable adjustment to teaching practices so that the student learns the same material, but in a format that is more accessible to the student.