Zero Tolerance Policing: A Case Study

Despite the limited research and analysis of third party policing, the studies that have been conducted have found that third party policing can be effective for controlling crimes such as youth problems and drugs (Drew & Prenzler, 2015). In the case of theft from retail, improved relations between the police, store owners and retail management, as well as the general public can have positive effects for crime reduction. Despite limited research available regarding the effectiveness of shopfront police beats, they continue to grow in numbers in the larger retail centres which indicates they are having a positive effect. The police beat program was launched in Queensland in 1993 and today has 46 neighbourhood police beats and 48 shopfront police beats established (Queensland Police, 2016). Research conducted by Taylor & Charlton (2005) reported that retailers from centres where a shopfront police beat is present are more likely to report crime than retailers at a centre without a shopfront police beat.

activities, the more efficient will be the outcome of separate events. The trafficking of dangerous drugs is not a local issue but rather national and international in scope. Drug trafficking groups and organizations do not limit their actions to any particular geographic boundary. Intelligence gathering and distribution to assist in identifying all levels of criminal trafficking organization are necessary for coordination and to stop duplication of effort. Accordingly, various federal, state, and local agencies have joined forces on national as well as regional levels, to achieve better results. (Office of National Drug Control Policy)

Compstat is a proactive and effective tool that substantially enhances the ability of police administrators to allocate and distribute police resources for the purpose of reducing crime rates. As such, Compstat, as the foremost strategic model for the provision of police services in the United States of America (US), has wrought significant improvement in the delivery of police services by diminishing crime rates. This has been established by the ensuing discussion. Computer statistics (Compstat) was a term that had been made by the New York City Police Department in the 1990s.

The US Department of Justice has stated that one way of lessening this tension is implementing a system of community policing where police are more involved with the community and work together to lessen the crime and fear of it in a community. (Community Policing Defined, 2008) A goal set fourth by the Community Orientated Policing Services is "Developing effective systems and tools to prevent and respond to bias-based policing can help law enforcement maintain that mutual trust and respect." (Bias-Based Policing, n.d) The trust in officers and the respect of good behavior is needed in this method. The country needs to be able to trust it officers and make them care about the community they are policing.

Which influence officer behaviors to make peace with citizens. The advantages for community policing is that both the officer and citizens get to come in accordance with reducing crime and increase the security in the community and neighborhoods. This era gave citizen a voice. To help assist and work with officers as community watch to reduce crime. Unlike the reform era, who attempted to be

Problem solving is used to reduce offending in a community. It believes that crimes are caused by existing social conditions. It involves both law enforcement and the community in ways to reduce or prevent crime (i.e., neighborhood watch). The community is a very important aspect of this operational strategy. Departments need to do more to develop solutions with a partnership of the community.

Citizens want to feel safe in their neighborhood and the police officers want to apprehend the suspect before more victims are identified. If the police department and the citizens in the community work together it becomes beneficial for both sides, this is called community – policing. Community – policing is an example of crime prevention it’s about bringing the citizens and the police department together to collaborate in an effort to address the concerning crime problems within the community. Some examples of community – policing are: neighborhood watch, business watch, additional officers on foot patrol, bicycle or horse patrol are just to name a

2. Literature Reviews 2.1 Perspectives on Community Policing This section provides a review of the relevant literature that underpins this study. As argued in the previous paragraph, the concept of community policing, its drivers and purposes can be considered as key unresolved issues in the literature. In this sense, two background questions have guided this literature review section – these being: i) what is community policing; and ii) what are the key drivers for the development and application of community policing?

The role of policing in our culture can be categorized in two broad models; crime fighter or public services role. These two models view policing in different ways as seen by society as a whole. The views of policing at stated by Pollack (2017), in with the crime fighter model focus on the “presumption is that criminals (who are different from the rest of us) are the enemy and police officers are the soldiers in a war on crime” (p.116). This view by police and society helps to formulate the style of policing they utilize leaning more towards force and not viewing all members of society as equal. The public servant view of policing described by Pollack (2017) as the “presumptions are different and include the idea that criminals are not so different from us and, in fact, may be our sons and daughters” (p. 116).

Police Brutality The use of excessive force by the police is nothing new, and with so many cases out there, it is clear that "to serve and protect" does not exactly apply to all of law enforcement as it should. Even though in some cases the use of harsh force has resulted into solving big crimes, officers have used the excessive force for personal reasons like race. It has affected many lives in a different way and question the authority officers have.. Police Brutality is an ongoing problem and existent concern in the United States; the unjustified shootings,fatal choking, and rough treatment have contributed to the present problem of police brutality.

crime, police and community collaboration, and program implimentation to reduce violent offenses. The task force divided the report into different subset they called pillars. The pillars took a multifacested approach to crime and community issues. Pillar 1 dealt with building turst and legitimacy, pillar two focused on policy and police oversight within the community. Policy 3 dealt with technology, policy 4 dealt with community policing and crime reduction.

This approach also proves to be successful in decreasing crime. Scott stringer writer of The Policy of Stop-and-Frisk Targets

Problem oriented policing is a combination of law enforcement and social work (Jackson, 2016). This combination approach helps police officers to identify problems, analyze then, and determine the underlying cause. Identifying and addressing the root cause of crime is the goal of problem-oriented policing (Roufa, 2017). The SARA model is used to help officers with this method of modern policing. Problem oriented policing and the SARA model are used to proactively prevent crime, vs simply reacting to it.

As such, I would introduce programs such as Citizens on Patrol. As I believe it can help to project security presence and disseminate crime prevention advice to fellow residents. In turn, this help to reduce crime rates. However, some residents might regard that these programs as a waste of resources and decide not to support my initiative. Instead, they think that these resources should be used in other areas.

Community Policing is the system of allocating police officers to areas so that they become familiar with local inhabitants. It is used to change the way police departments interact with the public, focusing on community concerns, including crimes. The idea of community policing is to work together to improve the life and quality in their neighborhoods. Community Policing emerged in the 1970’s with the goal to eliminate public disenchantment with police services and the criticisms of the lack of police professionalism (Fagin pg. 114). They identify and resolve issues which potentially affect the way neighborhoods live.