Acute kidney injury Essays

A Neuro-Immune Approach In Understanding Acute Kidney Injury Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a significant health concern. The primary causes of AKI are ischemia, sepsis and nephrotoxicity. Acute kidney injury is mediated by both adaptive and innate immune systems. The role of the nervous system in the activation of immune response and vice- versa is becoming a topic of interest in acute kidney injury. The two systems have a different mode of action. While the nervous system is static

INTRODUCTION AKI is a syndrome of rapid loss of kidney function and oliguria, which is associated with adverse patient outcomes. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as a functional or structural abnormality of the kidney as determined by blood, urine or tissue tests or by imaging studies.AKI is estimated to occur in up to 15% of hospitalized patients and up to 60% of critically ill patients. Despite advances in health care, the incidence of AKI is increasing in both developed and developing countries

A Functionalist View on Gender Socialisation Introduction Male, female, transgender, words which is used in society to describe a specific image of that gender and what is acceptable and what is not. Which behaviour is appropriate and which is not. Society states a specific idea on what is acceptable for different gender roles and identities, which are passed on through generations. Gender socialisation is the process by which society influences members to internalize attitudes and expectations (M

Empowerment practice aims at joining people together to enable them to gain power in themselves and in the social, political, and economic environment. This paper looks at ageism in the elderly population from multiple perspectives for developing an empowerment practice framework. Historical View This view involves learning a group’s history and its relation to social policy. The term “ageism” came into existence in 1969. Robert Butler used this term to describe how old people withdraw from society

Probably there are several weaknesses in the current private healthcare system in Malaysia, first, The long waiting list. Whenever I chat with friends at social functions about what ails the public healthcare system in Malaysia, the most frequent comment is the long waiting list. They are all very unhappy with waiting. Only once did I find someone who was full of praise for the public hospital, in particular the Selayang Hospital. The majority are very unhappy with the waiting to get an appointment

“You're Just Looking for Attention” Everybody has that one word that triggers them. A word that brings up so many emotions at once, it's like a kick to the gut. For me, that word is “attention”. I loathe that word. Merriam-Webster defines attention as: : the act or power of carefully thinking about, listening to, or watching someone or something : notice, interest, or awareness : special care or treatment From these definitions, it may not make sense that such a positive word could be so

Main Message  The main message of this idea was more grounded in pain, although the copy and the visual device at the end reinforced joint damage. It clearly communicated pain from RA and PsA, making it relevant to both indications, but a bit more focused on RA because there were no skin sores I want patients to see more than pain but I think the zapping sound was the pain they are having when trying to do everyday activities These are things that people should be able to do every day - cutting

Case study This case study relates to Mr Brown who diagnoses with acute pulmonary oedema secondly to acute renal failure from excessive use of opioids. This assignment will address Mr Brown’s initial presentation and assessment, relevant past history, medications as well as the current assessment finding. The Mr Brown is 76 year old male that present to emergency department via ambulance with thoracic back pain that commence two days prior to presentation. Triage assessment stated patient alert

The kidneys are vital organs for maintaining a stable internal environment .The kidneys have many functions, including regulating the acid–base and fluid–electrolyte balances of the body by filtering blood, selectively reabsorbing water and electrolytes, and excreting urine. In addition, the kidneys excrete metabolic waste products, including urea, creatinine, and uric acid, as well as foreign chemicals. Apart from these regulatory and excretory functions, the kidneys have a vital endocrine function

urethra. (National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NKUDIC), 2012). Urination is the process of emptying the bladder. To urinate, the lower urinary tract has two detached phases of activity: the storage (or guarding) phase, when urine is collected in the bladder; and the voiding phase, when urine is unconfined through the urethra The state of the reflex system is reliant on both a conscious signal from the brain and the firing rate

common diagnoses she encounters is type II diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and chronic kidney disease. She primarily treats the geriatric population. An acute exacerbation of chronic kidney disease can also be referred to as acute on chronic kidney disease. This is typically an acute kidney injury (AKI) that occurs in a patient with normal kidney function or preexisting kidney disease. “AKI is

Abstract: Kidney Transplantation is the organ transplant of a kidney into a patient with ESRD (end stage renal disease). ESRD is the result of many diseases like Diabetes Mellitus, Glomerulonephritides, Oxalosis, Urological problems, Cystic Kidney diseases (Polycystic Kidney disease, Medullary Cystic Kidney disease) and others. Some Kidney malignancies are also treated by Kidney Transplantation (Wilm’s Tumors in children, Renal Cell Carcinoma in adults) provided the patients remain tumor free for

Anatomy and Physiology Assignment 2 – Essay The Lymphatic System The lymphatic system has three primary functions. It drains excess interstitial fluid from tissue spaces and returns it to the blood, enabling circulatory blood volume to be maintained; transports lipids and lipid-soluble vitamins A, D, E, and K absorbed through the gastrointestinal tract; and is responsible for the body’s adaptive (specific) immunity, ie. defences against microbes that breach its innate (non-specific) immunity (eg

LIVER ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY The liver is located in the region of the right upper quadrant of the abdomen (usually does not exceed the limit of the costal margin), filling the space of the diaphragmatic dome, where it can reach up to the fifth rib, and is related to the heart through the center phrenic, to the left of the inferior vena cava. It is usually soft and palpable, and is covered by a fibrous capsule. This fibrous capsule applies peritoneum mainsail liver surface (except liver bare area)

What Is Dialysis? The kidneys are a pair of organs that help prevent the accumulation of salt, water, and wastes in the body. They also help control your blood pressure and regulate various chemicals, such as salt (sodium) and potassium in the blood. When your kidneys are damaged, they may fail to function properly and you may need kidney dialysis to support your health. Read on to learn more about what is dialysis. Part 1: What Is Kidney Dialysis? First of all, what is dialysis? It is a process

Refusal of Organ Donation After Death Organ donation definition: it takes healthy organs and tissues from one person(the donor) for transplantation into another(the recipient). An organ transplant may save a person's life, or significantly improve their health and quality of life. Main Social Problem: Refusal of many people to donate due to many factors and obstacles. A chronic shortage of organs for transplantation has and continues to be one of the most controversial pressing

Aim The aim of the experiments to be carried out is to determine the kinetic parameters, Km and Vmax, of Alkaline Phosphatase. Theory, Principles and Application of Principles Enzymes are a huge varying group of proteins which are needed to carry out essential metabolic functions in cells. Substrate-specific enzymes, like Alkaline Phosphatase, act as catalysts lowering the needed activation energy to convert the substrate to product. Enzymes are made up of amino-acids and amino-groups have side chains

INTRODUCTION Epidemiology Soil-transmitted helminth infections are gotten through contact with soil contaminated with infected feces. STH infections were once common throughout the world, including the United States, and some occurrence are still seen in the U.S. each year. With proper sanitation, these infections are now common only in poorer countries. More than four billion people are at high risk throughout the world, with over one billion individuals already infected. The greatest numbers

Despite being primarily known as an economist, Adam Smith assumed the role of a moral philosopher in writing The Theory of Moral Sentiments. In the work, he develops a unique moral theory that intertwines a reality based on human observation with an ideal that arises from Smith’s thoughts on the way people should be. In order to establish a foundation, Smith begins by describing the feeling of sympathy as being one that is shared by all humans. His discourse on sympathy, formed predominantly on observations

From my heart to yours Did you know that your heart beats 73 times per minute, 4,320 per hour, 103,680 per day, 37,869,120 per year and approximately 3,500,000,000 per lifetime? It’s a lot, but do you think the heart Is just a shapeless muscle that doesn’t make any sound and only pumps blood in and out to all our body (except the corneas)? In this free verse poem Rita Dove talks about the heart literally, usually when people write about the heart they talk about the feelings they have in it, love