Carbon-13 NMR Essays

Radiocarbon dating involves knowing that carbon 14 is a radioactive isotope and has a half-life of 5730 years. The concept involves all living organisms containing carbon 14 through radiation entering the atmosphere and taking a proton away from nitrogen 14 to produce carbon 14, flora then takes in the carbon 14 in the form of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis. Fauna then eat this carbon 14 that has been synthesised in the plants, and eventually the carbon 14 decays back into nitrogen 14 and the cycle

extraction and H NMR analysis. The neutral component of the unknown mixture #191 was fluorenone. This was evident due to an H NMR spectra that had a high presence of hydrogen signals in the 7.2- 7.7 ppm range. Chemical shift values for fluorenone stated in the lab manual were 7.27, 7.47, 7.48, and 7.6 (CITE), indicating that the corresponding H NMR spectra for the neutral unknown is of this chemical. The other possibility for the unknown neutral, 1,4-dimehtoxybenzone, would have had an H NMR spectra with

Again the 13C NMR spectra is consistent with the back bone or cholesterol remaining constant in the reaction. There are 27 carbon environments in the spectrum which matches that starting material. There is an evident peak at 201.25 ppm which is due to the C=O in the molecule. The carbon that had the bromine added, in chlestan-3-one this carbon is at 38.36 ppm and in this spectrum using the HSQC spectrum this peak was identified to be at 54.67 ppm which shows an increase in chemical shift. This is

Introduction: Benzaldehyde and acetone in ethanol solvent undergoes cross aldol condensation reaction to give dibenzalacetone. This reaction known as the Claisen-Schmidt reaction. Reaction: The benzalacetone, formed as an intermediate. Benzalacetone once formed, then easily react with another molecule of benzaldehyde to give dibenzalacetone. Procedure: 1. Take 8 mL of benzaldehyde in 100 mL beaker. 2. Add 2 mL of acetone to the benzaldehyde and mix. 3. Dissolve 5 g of NaOH into 50

Melting points reported were determined in open capillary. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds were established using IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and LC-MS data. FT-IR Spectra was recorded on Jasco FT-IR Spectrometer, 1H NMR and 13C NMR were recorded in DMSO-d6 at 399.65 MHz and 100.40 MHz respectively. All the chemical shifts were reported in parts per million (ppm). LC-MS was recorded using Waters Alliance 2795 separations module and Waters Micromass LCT mass detector. Elemental analysis

with the removal of CO2 and ACP. This reaction is catalyzed by β-keto ACP synthase. 3) Reduction of β-keto group to β-OH group by using NADPH as proton donor in a reaction catalyzed by β-keto ACP reductase. 4) Dehydration reaction between α and β carbons catalyzed by β-hydroxyacyl ACP dehydratase. 5) Reduction of trans-double bond by enoyl-ACP reductase utilizing NADPH as coenzyme. 6) Repetition of the above mentioned steps until palmitoyl-ACP is produced, the final product. This palmitoyl-ACP is

The movie Gattaca is set up in the fictional not-too-distant future. The not-too-distant future is a society in which eugenics are the dictating ideology and genetic discrimination is real. The use of biometric based on the genetic database registry has helped create two categories of people; the ‘valids’ and the ‘invalids’. The ‘valids’ are those individual who are created based on the choices of the biometrics and are seen as actually being superior that the invalids who have been conceived by

In the novel, The Martian, a central theme of the power of human altruism remains a key role as the main, behind-the-scenes driving factor within the story. Though constant themes of isolation and perseverance are also present, it is important to realize that, without the benevolence and support of his colleagues, Mark Watney would never have survived on Mars. On top of this, the presence of altruism within each character persists throughout the entire book, from beginning to end. From the beginning

Apollo 13 depicts the historical story of the 1970’s spacecraft and its tumultuous journey through space. The film highlights the successful failure of a space launch where a series of unforeseen circumstances would become the culmination of NASA’s most demanding challenges. The ability of the individuals’ involved showed great human ingenuity, courage, and the collaboration between these people depicted a human triumph over the human failure. A collection of highly knowledgeable mathematicians,

As the third attempt on landing on the moon, Apollo 13 was meant to be an improvement for the previous failures, but ended up as a danger to people working in space. Apollo 13’s launch happened on April 11, 1970, and lasted for 6 days. NASA sent 3 men, including Fred W. Haise, James A. Lovell, and John L. Swigert. Initially, Ken Mattingly was supposed to join the crew but was replaced by Swigert because he was supposedly diagnosed with German measles. The team’s mission was to land on the moon, but

On April 11, 1970, the Apollo 13 mission broke the mold of space exploration programs. Three men, one spacecraft, and a Mission Control crew set off for what was supposed to be an exploration and experimentation of rocks found on the moon. This mission became one of the most miraculous events in history. The Apollo 13 is significant to exploration, encounter and exchange in history in that it set the foundation for the space program's growth and further development. The spacecraft’s crew encountered

moon while leaving everything behind. Two different reasons but both are determined to succeed. What drives people to undertake a mission is determination. For example in “Barrio Boy” he was determined to become an American citizen and and in Apollo 13 three astronauts were determined to survive. “Barrio Boy” by Ernesto Galarza is about a young boy who immigrated from Mexico to America. The boy must face challenges to fit in and become an American citizen. Knowing not even the english language

Brief background of the accused Lindy Chamberlain and her husband Michael were both born in New Zealand. They were married on 19 November, 1969. Shortly after their marriage, they moved to Tasmania where they lived for 5 years. During that time, their first child Aiden was born in 1973. After Lindy received her dressmaking, tailoring and drafting certificate in 1974, the small and happy family moved to Northern Queensland where their second son, Reagan was born. Soon after, they moved to Mt Isa

Abstract Apollo 13 was the seventh manned mission in NASA’s Apollo program and it was the third mission intended to land astronauts on the moon. The lunar landing was aborted when an oxygen tank exploded, severely damaging the Service Module that supplies the Command Module with water, electricity, and oxygen. Despite enduring great stress and hardship, the three American astronauts, with the help of NASA’s great minds on the ground, miraculously returned safely back to Earth. The mission was

Space Exploration The warm morning air melted the early morning fog. The birds sang their morning songs and greeted the day. Crowds of people stood around growing more and more impatient as time went on. The children were bugging their parents asking, “When is it going to start?” Finally the announcer came on the speaker. Immediate silence came over the people. “Five.”, said the announcer in his commanding voice. The ground started to rumble with great force. “Four.” The switches were being flipped

It is the week of the super blood moon and vaguely mentioned before by my mother. was how she was sure she would have dreams of the moon falling out if the sky as it is a reoccurring dream, and the event of the blood super blue moon would only fuel it. Me looking somewhat perplexed, “the moon, falling out of the sky.” She asked if I have ever dreamt such a dream, with a confused look I said no. Skip a day, it’s the night of the 31st or the official supermoon. We had just finished watching an episode

The movie Apollo 13 is based on the actual Apollo 13 mission in April 11, 1970 that was just a routine mission to the moon that went horribly wrong. However, the movie is overall historically inaccurate, primarily due to the false facts it ultimately portrays about the moon and the life depending procedures they needed to perform. In the movie Apollo 13 the central focus in the beginning of the movie was to go to the moon and in the meantime encountered the threatening situation to go around the

Introduction: For this term paper, I decided to write about the movie Apollo 13. I chose to do so because it gives many great examples of good leadership, how people react in stressful situations and (add too). French and Raven: This movie shows multiple people who express the types of powers listed in French and Ravens 5 bases of power. The first type of power expressed is Legitimate Power. Legitimate power means that someone has the formal right to make demands and orders because of their

Launched on April 11, 1970 at 1:13 pm (central time) from the Kennedy Space Center, Florida Apollo 13 was the seventh manned mission in the Apollo space program. Apollo 13 was aborted two days after the launch because an oxygen tank exploded. In this mission, to explore space there was a brave crew of men who risked their lives to explore space for more undiscovered information. These men went out of this world not knowing if they would make it to space or back, anything could have happened. They

The heroic story of the Apollo 13 mission has gone down in history as one of the greatest triumphs in the face of imminent catastrophic failure. Could this amazing feat have been the product of luck? With the complexity of the situation and the crucial decisions needing to be made, simply luck itself would have stood no chance. Such extraordinary accomplishments are the work of effective leaders, which can be seen in the successful return of the Apollo 13. Gene Kranz was the flight director, but