Functional specification Essays

SECTION D: Findings and Recommendations Marks & Spencer (M&S) has weaker business in Malaysia due to their poor skill of stock control. Sun Zi mentioned, ‘Be as steady as mountains when encamping’ in his rules of manoeuvring of the troops. Thus, M&S has to make sure that its workers are all as steady as mountains as they are the main pillars of the company and representation of the company image. It is no doubt that M&S is a prestigious brand in the mind of consumers, and they believe that M&S is

Les Miserables: Morality and the Human Experience Les Miserables by Victor Hugo focuses on the interactions between people and society, as well as how the actions of a few can affect the whole. Jean Valjean, Javert, and Thenardier were catalysts for this novel, each in their own ways. By studying how their Hedonistic, Utilitarian, and Kant’s Categorical viewpoints evolved throughout the story, one can better understand the message that Hugo is conveying to the reader: that although love can completely

The phenylalanine/hydroxycinnamte pathway: The phenylalanine/hydroxycinnamte pathway starts with metabolism of Phe and called general phenylpropanoid metabolism. The reactions involving formation of hydroxycinnamates and their activated forms (CoA thoesters and 1-O-acylglucosides) fall under the purview of phenylalanine/hydroxycinnamte pathway [Figure 17.3]. First enzyme of hydroxycinnamte pathway is phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL; 4.3.1.24) which catalyses the non-oxidative deamination of Phe

3.3. Synthetic methodologies for dihydropyrimidinones 3.3.1. Classical method Scheme-1: The conventional method for the synthesis of DHPMs is the one-pot three-component reaction of benzaldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and urea in the presence of an acid catalyst. The product of this novel one-pot, three components synthesis that precipitated on cooling of the reaction mixture was identified as 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one and this reaction came to be known as “Biginelli reaction”, or “Biginelli condensation”

For this experiment, stereochemistry was observed by analyzing both the isomerization of dimethyl maleate and carvones. The dimethyl maleate is formed by two methyl ester groups that are connected by an alkene. They are in a cis-conformation meaning they are on the same side of the alkene, therefore the esters are close to one another. This conformation is strained and sterically hindered due to electrons repelling each other and are enantiomers of one another. With the use of radical chemistry,

Over time Americans have become less literate due to the experiences they have endured as well as the technology acquired through time. Technology has affected the American culture by aiding research, health care and even education. It may therefore come as no surprise that some people may find various technological advancements as negative since they require less human effort and thinking. Some may even argue that inventions such as the cell phone or even the internet have all aided in child obesity

Pages: 697-702 I. Introduction The authors intended to describe a procedure for differentiating among potential precursor responses for use in functional analyses while building on the previous research studies on a similar topic. The authors have given an overview of the previous studies and their

hydrocarbon chains attached to one glycerol. 19.functional group- Groups of molecules that have specific properties are often found bonded to a carbon skeleton. 20.gene- Consists of DNA and is responsible for programing information that gets passed down from parents to

In this experiment, a Friedel-Crafts alkylation of p-xylene (para-1, 4-dimethylbenzene) is performed by 1-bromopropane (alkyl halide) with an aluminum trichloride catalyst. Figure 2 shows the reaction for this synthesis. Friedel-Crafts reactions can usually be performed by vacuum distillation/ reflux as it prevents polyalkylation or multiple substitutions of alkyl groups. Since small quantities of reagents will be used to perform this synthesis, a microscale reflux apparatus will be used. This synthesis

Aldol condensation In the aldol condensation the α-carbon of one aldehyde or ketone molecule adds to the carbonyl carbon of another. The base is most often used is -OH. The product is a β-hydroxy aldehyde or ketone, which in some cases is dehydrated during the course of the reaction. Even if the dehydration is not spontaneous, it can usually be done easily, since the new double bond will be in conjugation with the C=O bond.   Ritter Reaction Alcohols is converted by a strong acid to a carbocation

Abastract The intermolecular interactions between halo-cyclopropenone derivatives (HC3OX;X= F, Cl, Br and I) and hypohalous acids (HOY; Y=F, Cl, Br and I) were investigated using the MP2 method with aug–cc-pVTZ basis set. Three types of complexes are forming by:1) hydrogen bond, 2) both hydrogen and halogen bonds, 3) halogen bond interactions. The results indicated that interactions in type 1 complexes are stronger than those in types 2 and 3. The H–O bonds show red shifts with complex formation

INTRODUCTION: Itraconazole is a (1-(butan-2-yl)-4-{4-[4-(4-{[2R,4S)-2-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-2-(1H-1,2,4 triazole-1- ylmethyl) 1, 3 – dioxolan – 4 -yl] methoxy}phenyl) piperazin -1-yl ] phenyl} 4, 4-dihydro-1H-1,2,4-triazole-5-one) is member of the drug class known as anti-fungal. It is used for the inhibition of fungal cytochrome p450 enzyme “lanosterol 4 demethylase”, used in the conversion of lanosterol to ergosterol, which is a main sterol in fungal cell membrane, thus inhibits

Free radicals contain an electron (e–) as in case of superoxide (•O2–) radical and the hydroxyl radical (•OH) whereas reactive oxygen species (ROS) as a non-radical do not contains electron in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and organic hydroperoxides (ROOH). Radicals can react with other radicals or with non-radicals depending on availability of (e–). Initiation of free radical chain reaction occurs if polyunsaturated fatty acid is attacked by free radicals. This phenomenon occurs due to abundant molecular

Introduction about pyridine ring. py ridine, any of a class of organic compounds of the aromatic heterocyclic series characterized by a six-membered ring structure composed of five carbon atoms and one nitrogen atom. The simplest member of the pyridine family is pyridine itself, a compound with molecular formula C5H5N It is structurally related tobenzene, with one methine group (=CH−) replaced by a nitrogen atom. The pyridine ring occurs in many important compounds, including azines and the vitamins

The experiment consisted of a Diels Alder reaction between anthracene and maleic anhydride to produce 9,10-dihydroanthracene-9,10-α,β-succinic anhydride. This is called a cycloaddition reaction because the reaction between the two products creates a cyclic product. The conjugated diene (called diene) was anthracene (consisted of 2 double bonds) and the dienopile was maleic anhydride (consisted of 1 double bond). The reaction occured between the alkene group of maleic anhydride and the alkene group

In the essay “The Human Cost of an Illiterate Society”, written by Jonathan Kozol and published in the Reading for Writers, New York, 2013, the author is raising awareness of illiteracy and the effects it has on society to his audience, the literate who can read and can do something about the issue. Pointing out the illiteracy problem in the United States that is unknown to most, he explains the impact that such a vast amount of illiterate people can have on voting and the government. Being that

“There are 7 million illiterate Americans. Another 27 million are unable to read well enough to complete a job application, and 30 million can’t read a simple sentence” (Hedges 44). In the excerpt from Empire of Illusion, author Chris Hedges emphasizes on the mechanisms used to make an illiterate America suffer. Political leaders only need a facade of honesty and sincerity, and “most off all they need a story, a personal narrative” (Hedges 48). This is one of the many cunning mechanisms propagated

Equ 13. 4-(5-nolyl)-Pyridinum Cation Containing CILs Catalyzed Aldol Reactions Equ 14. Amide Functionalized Proline based CILs Organocatalyst for Aldol Reactions 3.4. Asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction. In 1997, Howarth and his group80 reported first, the asymmetric Diels-Alder reaction by using dialkylimidazolium salts (chiral and achiral) as efficient organocatalyst between crotonaldehyde or methacrolein and cyclopentadiene. The enentiomeric excess was less than 5% and no such diastereoselectivity

Growing up in the Ozark Mountains, I learned the meaning of illiterate before I was old enough to understand what literacy meant. Though a beautiful place to live, the mountains had few residents and even fewer opportunities. Most people’s neighbors lived miles away and it was a thirty-minute drive to the closest store. I knew that there was a lack of quality education, but discovering illiteracy came as a huge shock to me. I suppose I had a preconceived notion that everyone knew how to read and

Isatin The 1H-indole-2, 3-dione (Isatin), possesses an indole nucleus with two carbonyl groups; the keto and lactum group at positions C-2 and C-3. Isatin is an orange to red solid and is mostly used for synthesis of heterocyclic compounds [1]. The chemical structure of Isatin is shown in (Figure 1). Figure 1: Structure of 1H-indole-2, 3-dione (Isatin) In nature, isatin is present in plants of the genus Isatis, in Calanthe discolor lindl and in Couroupita guianensis