Immunohistochemistry Essays

Germ theory of disease is one of the theories in the biology field. Germ theory of disease supports that microorganisms that are germs are the cause of diseases. This theory was first proposed by Girolamo Fracastoro in the 16th century but he was not able to provide any evidence to strengthen his proposal. This theory was not accepted easily by the citizen between the 16th century to the 18th century. The pre-existence of miasma theory was the obstacle to the acceptance of germ theory during that

Introduction: A distinctive feature of vertebrate development is the transient formation of neural crest. Neural crest originates from the neural plate border, which separates the neural plate from non-neural ectoderm prior to neural tube closure. Upon neural tube closure, neural crest cells (NCCs) undergo epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and migrate away from the neural tube. These migratory NCCs are multipotent stem cells that invade and colonize specific regions along the embryonic anterior-posterior

Doege-Potter Syndrome, cause of non-islet cell tumor hypoglycemia, the first case report from Nepal. Abstract Doege–Potter syndrome (DPS), a paraneoplastic syndrome, presents as a hypoinsulinaemic hypoglycemia from the ectopic secretion of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) from a solitary fibrous tumor which may be intrapleural or extrapleural in origin. We report a case of severe hypoglycemia in a 68-year old lady initially admitted for resection of left sided solitary fibrous tumor of pleura

An important part in the brain involved in memory, decision-making, and emotional responses is called the medial amygdala (MePD). The MePD is located within the temporal lobes of the brain and plays a major role in the life of complex vertebrates. MePD receives information pertaining to reproductive behavior from the hypothalamic portion of the brain (Johnson et al., 2008). The MePD is numerous in neurons and astrocytes. Astrocytes are neuroglial cells with many branches, or processes, that originate

Importance of microsatallites for identity testing and disease diagnosis : Microsatallites : - Microsatellites are di, tri, or tetra nucleotide tandem repeats in DNA sequences. The number of repeats is variable in populations of DNA and within the alleles of an individual. Importance microsatallites for identity testing : - Microsatellites can be used as markers in genetic studies of linkage in families and linkage disequilibrium studies of populations. In linkage studies one can examine large number

Thyroid hormone is an essential hormone which requires plasma membrane transport protein to travel into the cells to help the brain function properly throughout the life. Thyroid hormone deficiency leads to hyporeflexia, lethargy, brain damage and etc. depending on onset and duration of time period. Thyroid hormones perform various different roles in life from age to age as people grow from infant to elderly. The mice were mostly used to understand the aspect of thyroid physiology and the thyroid

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a multi-faceted injury and is considered the leading cause of ailment in soldiers and pedestrians. During injury, a surge in ROS facilitates a vicious cycle that accelerates mitochondrial damage, excitotoxicity, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation. Further, mitochondrial targeting strategies in TBI have been increasingly studied as their maintenance will potentially preserve brain function. Melatonin is one such mitochondrial targeted strategy. Melatonin is synthesized

scientist, all members attend a meeting to review any article being prepared for submission. Research articles, text books, lab manuals, and journals constitute the genres of the community. Lexis specific to this lab includes terms such as immunohistochemistry, DPX, sliding microtome, belly dancer, and fume hood. The head researcher occupies the head of expertise followed by the assistant researchers, graduate students and lastly,

I strive to enhance the quality of human life through sound investigation and precise medical judgment. I hope to prolong life by simply understanding the mechanism of human disease, validating prevention and identifying the most effective treatment of disease. Research contributes an imperative component in for improvement of patient care, treatment, and prevention of health disparities and because of this I intend to incorporate practice and research. I am currently a senior student studying

Career development My current position as a fellow in the Division of Endocrinology has provided me a tremendous research opportunity and added to my enthusiasm to become an academic researcher in the field of beta-cell proliferation and regeneration. Under the guidance of my mentors, I started early in my fellowship training to explore that field by studying the prognostic outcome of auto islet cell transplantation in patients with chronic pancreatitis who undergo total pancreatectomy. Successful

(C) APPROACH We propose to test the hypothesis that papillomavirus infection and persistence are influenced by local host defense factors. MmuPV1 persistent infection at mucosal sites in outbred and inbred nude mice can be tracked (15-17) in addition to skin sites (35)(Preliminary data). Interestingly, not all sites showed the same level of susceptibility to MmuPV1 infection. For example, the back skin has been the least susceptible site when compared with other skin sites such as the tail and the

Abstract Dermatomyositis (DM) is an autoimmune disease that presents with a wide range of classical dermatologic findings and proximal muscle weakness. Like other autoimmune diseases, multiple trigger mechanisms have been proposed in the pathogenesis of DM. They include infections, drugs, environmental factors and malignancy. Majority of the cases are idiopathic, but in approximately 15–30% of cases of adult-onset DM, an underlying malignancy is the cause of a paraneoplastic syndrome manifested as

Syllids are an annelid family that are great model organisms for studying regenerative processes because they are able to renew damaged body structures. More impressively, these annelids are capable of regenerating an entire body half. Studies concerning regenerative processes in annelids are possible due to their well-known life cycles and successful reproductions in laboratory settings. Syllidae in particular have become model species in research because of their complex life cycles and reproductive

Pathologic grading is based on Modified Bloom Richardson scoring which utilizes three variables: gland-formation (tubularity), degree of variation in nuclear size and shape (pleomorphism), and ‘hyper chromatic figures’ as an estimate of proliferation(Bloom HJG et al 1957 and S. THORESENet al1982). The College of American Pathologists and the World Health Organization endorse this classification. The basic principle is summation of scores for the three variables, each of which is assigned from one

The Effect of Differentially Expressed Genes on the Progression of Diabetic Nephropathy Keywords: diabetic nephropathy, type 2 diabetes My primary research interest is to understand how the body responds to damage caused by diet-induced obesity and diabetes, a prominent public health concern in contemporary society. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic disorder that leads to irreparable damage in the kidney. Approximately 30-40% of diabetic patients will eventually develop DN, and 5% of type II

Forensic imaging, particularly MRI technology is crucial in determining the cause of death in forensic pathology. There are a few main techniques for forensic imaging, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT), and conventional radiography. The PMCT is generally used for gunshot wounds, detection of gas embolism, trauma cases, and changes in the skeletal system. Some advantages of this technique are that it is fast, easy to handle, good three-dimensional reconstruction

DEFINITION OF NASAL POLYP. The word Polyp is originally Greek and has undergone Latinization and means Polypous that is many footed.35 The term Polyp mentions to the macroscopic appearance of a pedicled tissue arising from a mucosal surface and projecting into lumen or cavity.26 Hence Nasal polyps are defined as pearly white painless prolapsed pedunculated parts of nasal mucosa.35 PATHOLOGY OF NASAL POLYPS. Macroscopically Polyps have an edematous smooth and shiny appearance with a soft consistency

Abstract: Ocular lymphomas are rare malignancies that display a myriad of clinical manifestations; therefore the diagnosis can be a challenging task. Almost all intraocular lymphomas are B cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Although the orbit is an extranodal site where lymphocytes are not found under normal conditions, lymphoid tumors are the third most common cause of proptosis in the adults. Ocular lymphomas are most challenging cases seen by ophthalmologists and are more serious eye conditions, leading

progressive growth of a mass on his arm (Image A). He played with 2 cats at home. IgG serology for B henselae during treatment was highly positive. Ultrasound identified 2 enlarged lymph nodes (Images 1B, 1C). Courtesy: Javier Santisteban-Ponce. Immunohistochemistry may reveal B henselae in tissues that surround necrotic areas. Advanced techniques in molecular biology (eg, polymerase chain reaction analysis) exist for diag- nosis of CSD, though are expensive and less available. TREATMENT AND PREVENTION

Treatment of bosom malignancy Four sorts of standard treatment are utilized: 1. Surgery Most patients with bosom malignancy have surgery to expel the growth from the bosom. The fundamental objective of surgical treatment is to evacuate the growth and precisely characterize the phase of infection. Surgical choices extensively comprise of bosom protection treatment taken after by radiation treatment. Bosom rationing surgery, an operation to evacuate the growth however not the bosom itself,