This book is a powerful reading of early Islamic Iran history and the author makes a strong argument of this scope. The author is approached the question on the economic feature of the historical transformation in early Islamic Iran from a different angle. In this book, Richard Buttiet integrates technology, camel, and quantitative approach to investigates the relationship between the flourishing cotton industry (a primary basis of the ulama’s wealth) in Iran during the ninth and tenth century, Islam
Endowed Graduate Fellowship in Iranian Studies Introduction: This research aims to explore the relationship of Islamic discourse with the body politics of Iranian female athletes in the global sports context. In the sport competitions that men or cameras are present, Iranian sportswomen are required to wear clothing that covers all their body except their hands and face, that means their hair, arms, legs and even necks should be covered. In addition to Islamic dress code requirements, the view policy
Mecca, the powerful religion has seen rapid growth over the years. Innovative ideas in economics, religion, and science made the religion unique from others in the past and allowed for this spread. The most significant factors in the expansion of the Islamic Empire were tolerance,
contributions in the realm of Islamic philosophy are still considered important today. THE HITORICAL CONTEXT: It is important for us to note the time in which Ghazali was writing and how the historical factors worked together to shape his views on political philosophy. During this time the Islamic world, though still very powerful was undergoing fundamental changes. The
different aspects of life, from religion to politics and to what is demonstrated to the public. Political parties have weighed in on the dividing issue of race and can alter an individual’s perception of a
ancient and it is a heated debate in the recent times. To the western world, the veil is just a piece of cloth that is worn by Islamic
Operational Objectives, and Violent Activates of Hamas 3 Section 1: History, Ideology, Operational Objectives, and Violent Activates of Hamas Hamas is an acronym of Harakat al-Muqawma al-Islamiyya, which is Arabic for “Islamic Resistance Movement.” In the 1990’s this social movement began its transformation into a terrorist organization. Hamas arose from the Muslim fundamentalist group, the Muslim Brotherhood, which was founded in 1928 by Hassan al-Banna in Egypt (Mannes
Late Antiquity, often defined as the period from the late 3rd century C.E. to the mid-7th century C.E., saw the birth of modern world institutions. It was a time of political, cultural, and spiritual changes that laid the foundation for what was to come in the Middle Ages and beyond. Late Antique society saw the birth of the bureaucracy, with rulers who became increasingly separated from the ruled by increasingly intricate channels of access. It saw the end of widespread paganism with the triumph
a movement that awakened Islam from its ignorance. A serious intellectual, his journey started in his studies in Iraq from Shiite scholars. The school highly focused on leadership and religion and he became informed and highly influenced by other Muslim philosophers. By the age of eighteen, Al-Afghani was well educated in philosophy, science, and Islamic studies and traveled all around the world. His opposition of imperialism began when he visited British India, due to witnessing the mutiny that
In order to understand Islamic extremist groups, it is first necessary to understand the motives and personality traits behind the people that are targeted during recruitment. These motives are deeply engraved in the psychological and sociological cues and norms that these recruited individuals posses. Additionally, the tactics that Islamic extremist groups use to recruit these members have to be taken into account. A common misconception is that religion plays a large role in the recruitment process
began in the time of conflict in Kabul. In the summer of 1973, King Zahir Shah was overthrown by a coup after ruling Kabul for almost 40 years. This was replaced by a soviet regime. This caused a war between the soviets and the Mujahideen which are Islamic guerilla fighters who attached non-Muslim forces; this was the group Laila’s two brothers had joined. Although, in 1978, Akbar Khyber, the leader of a faction of PDPA was assassinated which led to the rule of the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan
been the source of animosity between Orient and Occident historically, the root of the modern conflict seems to be the rejection of Western values by Islamic cultures such as individualism, liberalism, equality etc. (Varisco 295). When Betty is forced to wear the hijab, her individuality is taken from her, and she has now to conform to the Islamic female dress code which is biased against women as the dress code for men is less strict. Her question if she could remove it is met by a threat that the
with religion and state was concerned with politics. And as long as they are two different institutions, conflicts may arise between them over different issues, thus the solutions to these problems result from Christianity only. Lewis indicates that on the other part of the world there are other religious societies, in which both religion and politics
have a direct connection with God. In the Protestant church, people are encouraged to read and think for themselves, not have a priest or pope do it for them. In what ways did the Protestant Reformation transform European society, culture and politics?
the Western world and Russia, in the South Pacific region between the Western world and China and in the Middle East between the Islamic world and the Western world. War historians, politicians and journalists have argued for decades about when and where a Third World War will start. In the modern world, the first armed conflict of civilizations appeared in the Middle East in the territories of Syria and Iraq. The conflict between civilizations in the Middle East can develop to World War III.
Constantinople in Islamic Eschatology: From Politics to Religion Modern interpretations of the Islamic apocalypse often involve a successful Muslim conquest of Rome as an indicator of the end times. The apocalyptic tradition involving the fall of Rome is reflected in eschatological expectations during the first centuries of Islam, where Constantinople is substituted for Rome. However, the fall of Constantinople is never mentioned in the Qur’an, and is only observed in the canonical hadiths compiled
strength in Middle Eastern and Islamic studies, breadth of courses in Arabic, and the experience of Anthropology professor Diana Allan in the anthropology of media would provide exemplary support to my proposed project and foster an advanced, unique, and contemporary research project as well as develop my abilities as an academic to pursue doctoral work. In particular, the Institute for Islamic Studies and the InterUniversity Consortium for Arab and Middle Eastern studies would provide unique opportunities
Abstract This piece aims at bringing about a better understanding of Islamophobia and the current conception of Islam in the western world, the reasons behind this phenomenon, influencers to the rise of Islamophobia, its consequences, and eventually provides many resolutions to bring about an end to the trend. Introduction The Merriam-webster.com (2014) dictionary defines Xenophobia as loathing and fear of outsiders or anything/anyone that is foreign. Xenophobia has been prevalent in human nature
entitled “Islam through Western Eyes,” Edward Said criticizes the Western view of Islam, claiming that, since the Middle Ages, the Western world has had a flawed view of Islam. The author identifies the basis for this misleading image of Islam in the “imaginative geography dividing the world into two unequal parts.” According to this fictional geography, indeed, the world is divided into the Orient, which is seen as different and inferior, and the Occident, called also the West. Although this split is actually
To what extent does feminism promote political equality? The definition of feminism is heterogeneous subject to different philosophical standpoints. However, Oxford Concise Dictionary of Politics defines the term in the most common way as "Feminism is a way of looking at the world which women occupy from the perspective of women. It has at its central focus the concept of patriarchy which can be described as a system of male authority which oppresses women through its social, political and economic