Lev Manovich Essays

This chapter presents the relevant theories, related literature and studies containing concepts, ideas and background information that are connected to the studys theme which were reviewed to attain a clearer perspective and to arrive at an adequate background of the study. Relevant Theory The study will directly anchor into Vygotsky 's socio-constructivist theory (1978) the theory emphasis is in the mental functions that are acquired through social relationship; learning takes when child interacts

Identity may be considered as the variety of personal and behavioral characteristics that describe one as a member of a particular group; therefore, individuals can differentiate themselves from other groups of individuals and create their own understanding of who they are depending on race, religion, culture, ethnicity and language (Fearon, 1999). On the other hand, as a result of the geographical and social movements and the keenness of belonging to a certain social community, individuals possibly

Similarities & Differences Between Napoleon & Stalin George Orwell’s Animal Farm is a famous novel written about the life and times of a group of animals living on a farm and fighting for their survival and a new way of life. The pigs in this story become the main leaders while all the other characters obey and fear them. The story is an allegory to the then rise of Joseph Stalin, an influential and evil communist leader. The character ‘Napoleon’ the pig in George Orwell’s novel Animal Farm is an

2:1 Compare the strengths and limitations of assessments of a range of assessment methods with reference to the needs of individual learners. Workplace Observations, question and answer/professional discussions, projects/assignments, portfolios, witness statements.A good assessor will always take into account their learners needs and what particular subject they are studying for prior to confirming with learner type of assessment method to be used. Workplace observations This can evidence directly

Parents, teachers and other adults in the learner’s environment all contribute to the process. When children with special needs are given an environment that is conducive to learning, they too will become fruitful members of the community. In addition, Lev Vygotsky Socio-Cultural Theory states that students’ learning could be more effective if it is provided with support or scaffold. Information processing theory supplies the scaffold theory which is also a cognitive theoretical framework that focuses

Adult Learning Theory 1 Urie Bronfenbrenner (1994) Adult Learning Theory 2 Lev Vygotsky (1978) Adult Learning Theory 3 David A. Kolb (1984) 1 Theories described This theory looks at the learners’ development within the context of the system of relationships that surrounds the learners’ environments. It describes five levels of external stimulus which are interconnected and interlocked The core theme this theory is the social interaction. They play an important role in the cognitive development

create plans and act on them, which involves making evaluations and decisions, increasing their knowledge and capabilities. (HighScope, n.d, n.p.) A technique used regularly in HighScope is scaffolding. This is a term based on the work of psychologist Lev Vygotsky. Scaffolding is when adults encourage and lightly extend children’s thinking and reasoning. Vygotsky’s work explains that the area between what children can accomplish themselves and what they can do with the assistance of an adult or another

INTRODUCTION This paper will discusses experiences in the classrooms and how to approach teaching English as a second language. This paper will discuss lessons and my personal experiences in the classroom. Experience in the classroom has varied between beginners, intermediate and advanced classes. I will discuss various teaching approaches to teaching English as a second language and about how classroom management is important to utilize. This paper will discuss a summary of observers of my

The paper compares and contrasts the differences involving critical thinking, reasoned dialogue, and dialectic reasoning. All the above mentioned processes aim at solving particular relevant issues in the society. When incorporated in the people’s activities and lifestyles, they are able to change one’s way of reasoning and their attitude toward particular issues in society. Despite their differences, critical thinking, reasoned dialogue, and dialectic reasoning are all important aspects in personal

When it comes to the language of math, it can become confusing because a simple word in English may have a different meaning in math. This is another task teachers need to take upon themselves to teach. This ways students will understand their math problems better if they understand the vocabulary. For some students it may not be that difficult to figure out what the vocabulary stands for in math. For instance, word problems sometimes sound like a complete foreign language and you have to dissect

“All animals are equal…”, or what it should have been... The use of power and corruption are one of the main themes in Animal Farm. The book is a romance published back in 1945 by George Orwell. According to the author, the book was used as a way to criticize the Russian Revolution. Back in the day, it was hard to excoriate Joseph Stalin using literature so instead Orwell portrayed the characters as animals to censure the writing. Animal Farm reminds readers that the abuse of power can lead to corruption

The development of activity theory has been described as going through three generations (Engestrom, 2001). It is regarded as being initiated by Vygotsky (1978), and his introduction of the concept of mediated action is usually represented in a triangle diagram (Figure 1). Mediating Artifact / Tool Subject Object Figure 1. Vygotsky’s basic mediated action triangle (Cole & Engestrom, 1993). Vygotsky

According to Tylor (1871), culture is a complex of a whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, moral, law, custom, and other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member in a certain society. There is an extended definition of culture defined by other individuals. According to Scarborough (1998), culture is a set of values and attitudes shared by a group that sets standards for the acceptance and successful participation in a certain group. Actually there is no exact definition of culture

Morality is the distinction as either proper or improper, of a person's decisions, intentions, and actions. It is the code of conduct that governs the people's behavior of a particular culture, state or even country. Moral development is the ultimate focus on the emergence, transition, and perception of these codes of conduct from infancy through adulthood. Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of development assumes that an individual's moral evolution is a sequential process that occurs in six stages. However

Lev Vygotsky provided many contributions to development that impacted what we know about how children learn and the kinds of environment that should be provided for optimal development of language. Vygotsky believed that the environment provides children with information that supports language development. Similarly, he theorized that language begins with communication between children and individuals in their environment. He developed the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) which is the distance

Conformity is a type of social force related with a change in behavior in order to fit in or to be correct within a group in society (Meyer &Anderson, 2000 and Losh, 2003). This change is in response to real physical presence of others or imagined group pressure. Mcleod, (2007) interpreted conformity as one of the major influencing factor in young society. Horn (1970) in his study states that people conform to group pressure because of two types of social pressure: informational social influence

Motivation is the force that keeps us moving in order to perform our activities. Often, as teachers, we hear and witness that the students do not demonstrate any kind of interest for the academic matters and that they are not motivated. But, more often, what happens is that they are in fact motivated to do other kind of tasks, which are more pleasant for them. Motivation is the interest students have for their own learning or the interest for the activities that lead them to learn something. This

‘Teachers must be revolutionary-that is to say dialogical, from the outset’ (Freire, 1970:74). Paulo Freire, one of the most important theorists of radical education reform in the 20th century introduced the concept of Dialogue with the aim of getting teachers and pupils to research together. Freire defined Dialogue as the ‘encounter between people, mediated by the world in which they live in (e.g. school, home, community) in order to name the world’ (Freire, 1970:76). Dialogue is central to our

Modern developmental psychology owes an enormous amount to the work of Lev Vygotsky. The research that his theories continue to generate has far reaching implications for education and parenting, providing a valuable insight into children’s development. By challenging the behaviourist paradigm of the time, that children were merely passively responding to stimuli (Skinner, 1957, as cited in Lawton, 1978), Vygotsky opened new avenues of thought into the internal processes that governed children’s

Lev Vygotsky, a Russian psychologist, is best-known for his sociocultural theory. In Lev Vygotsky theory, social interaction played a critical role in children’s learning and the adults in a society foster children’s cognitive development in an intentional and systematic manner by engaging them in challenging and meaningful activities (Christina, 1999). Social interaction such as imitation, guided learning and collaborative learning enable children go through a continuous process of learning, so-called