Lipid Essays

Lipid A Lipid A is a component of a poison responsible for the “anchoring” of the toxin to the outer membrane of immune system cells. The poison reacts with the body's immune system, causing septic shock. It is found in endotoxins of toxic, gram-negative bacteria. We chose this lipid due to it’s toxicity and unique, simplistic name. Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) DHA is a lipid that acts as a structural component of the nervous system and regulates the transport of neurotransmitters. It’s found in the

Lipid Readings & Assignment This lab consists of three parts that totals 50 points. Students should save this lab assignment to their desktop in a word document. The file then needs to be uploaded into Canvas by the due date after all questions are answered. Part 1: Cholesterol Background Information: Use your textbook, lecture notes, slide presentation and the link provided to answer the questions below. Click on the following link to access additional information on cholesterol. http://www

INTRODUCTION Lipidoses can be defined as inherited metabolic disorders where lipids accumulate in cells and tissues; sphingolipidoses are autosomal recessive inherited metabolic disorders in which the lipid that accumulates is a sphingolipid.(1) Sphingolipids are any member of a class of lipids that contain sphingosine, an organic aliphatic amino acid, or substances that are structurally similar to sphingosine. (2). The main sphingolipids discussed will be gangliosides, globosides, ceramides and

contain multiple double bonds which are susceptible to lipid oxidation. These have been long recognized and it is the major challenge in oil industry. Lipid oxidation is the main factor of food deterioration. It not only affects fatty acid composition and the nutritional quality of the food, it also causes undesirable changes in colour, aroma and produce toxic compounds (Wasowicz, 2004). The toxic compounds produce from lipid oxidation, especially lipid-derived aldehydes are very stable. It can diffuse

• Iodine Solution Weigh 7.7g of potassium iodide into a 50cm3 beaker. Use distilled water to help the iodide dissolve. Swirl for a few minutes until the iodide has completely dissolved. Using a funnel to help, pour the potassium iodide into a 500cm3 volumetric flask, make sure all traces of the solution is in the volumetric flask. Using distilled water would be a good method in order to rinse the beaker. Make the solution up to the 500cm3 mark with iodine (1% concentration) • Starch Indicator Solution

REGULATION OF FATTY ACID METABOLISM Introduction: Fatty acids are produced by acetyl-CoA by its transformation to malonyl-COA by various known as fatty acid synthases and this takes place in cytoplasm.Acetyl-COA is fuether transformed into various fats molecules taken from carbohydrates through a process known as glycolytic pathway.This pathway basically requires glycerol along with three fatty acid molecules to form a structure called as neutral fats or triglycerols.Two fatty acid molecules basically

coronary artery disease (U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2015). Performing a blood lipid profile will determine one’s risks level for developing heart disease. The lipid blood profile collects the overall results of lipids in the blood, such as total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, high-density (HDL) cholesterol, and triglycerides (Whitney & Rofles, 2011). Cholesterol is a type of lipid found in blood and body tissue that produces hormones, vitamin D, and substances that

LIPIDS: CLASSIFICATION, STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS AND METABOLISM Abstract: The majority of naturally occurring unsaturated fatty acids exist in the cis-conformation. Trans fatty acids occur in some foods and as byproducts of the process of hydrogenating unsaturated fatty acids to make them solids at room temperature, such as in partially hydrogenated vegetable oils. Diets high in trans fatty acids have been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and development of the metabolic

Introduction: Benzopinacol can be prepared from benzophenone in presence of sun light (photochemically) using isopropanol as the reducing agent in presence of acetic acid. Acetic acid is added to prevent the cleavage of benzopinacol to benzophenone and benzhydrol by the alkali derived from the glass container used for the reaction. Benzopinacol obtained in the first experiment is converted to benzopinacolone by heating under reflux (5 minutes) with glacial acetic acid containing trace amount of iodine

Lipids are an essential macromolecule found within the body and it has many structures and has a number of functions within the body. Cholesterol is a type of lipid, which is responsible for the structure of the plasma membrane in the cell. They provide a barrier between the cell and the cell’s external environment (Alberts, 2004). Cholesterol is moved around the body through two mechanisms: Low-density lipoproteins and high-density lipoproteins. High levels of LDH can cause cardiovascular disease

intestinal transit time Lipid digestion 4.3 In vivo fate of dietary lipids and NLCs Digestion and absorption of dietary lipids as well as lipid based formulations occur throughout the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). Dietary lipids predominantly constitute of long chain triglycerides (LCT) and phospholipids in lesser amounts [4, 48]. After complete digestion, LCT is hydrolyzed into three free fatty acids (FAs) and one glycerol molecule [48]. 4.3.1 Digestion The digestion of lipids is initiated when the

hydrophobic regions. Hydrophilic means that a substance loves water. The head of the phospholipid faces towards the water inside/outside of the cell. The middle layer of the membrane consists of the hydrophobic region. They form the lipid tails and they hate water. Since lipids and water does not mix well together, the middle of the phospholipid bilayer does not allow water to go inside. 2. An amphipathic molecule has both a hydrophilic and hydrophobic region. It refers to the “personality” of the molecule

is a bilayer. This experiment can be summarized in three steps. 1. They purified membrane lipids from red blood cell (they chose these because they have lack internal membranes). They estimated the number of starting cells and the surface area of each cell. This allowed the two scientists to calculate the total area of the membrane they purified. 2. They then dissolved the erythrocyte (red blood cell) lipids in benzene. From here they evaporated the benzene

Complex milk lipids (CML) provide critical nutrients for neurodevelopment in infants. Beneficial effects of CML on brain functions have been extensively shown in rodents. The rapidly developing neonatal brain is vulnerable to nutrient insufficiency but also possesses a high degree of plasticity. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that infant formula enriched with CML improves neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 months of age. Healthy, full-term infants (n = 418) at age ≤ 21 days were randomized

on my model: The cell membrane is made up of a phospholipid bilayer. The membrane excludes, takes in, and excretes various substances, all in specific amounts. In addition, they must able to communicate with other cells. The plasma membrane needs lipids, which make a semi-permeable barrier between the cell and its environment. It also needs proteins, which are involved in cross-membrane transport and cell communication. Nucleus- the swirled light blue ball in the center of my model: The Nucleus

transduction, cell-cell recognition, intercellular joining and attachment to the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix (ECM). Some membrane proteins span the membrane to provide a hydrophilic channel for hydrophilic substances to be able to pass through the lipid bilayer while other transport proteins are able to change their shapes to help move specific substances from one side to the other; some proteins use ATP as an energy source to actively move substances from one side of the membrane to the other. Some

communicate. Transport proteins allow certain molecules through the membrane. Glycoprotein are made of sugar and protein and they help with cell to cell communication and transport across membranes. These can be classified as peripheral, integral and lipid bound. Peripheral proteins sit on top of the phospholipids.

A: Phospholipid A1: Phosphate head (hydrophilic, polar) A2: Two fatty acid tails (hydrophobic, non-polar) B: Glycolipid C: Glycoprotein D: Carbohydrate E: Cholesterol F: Integral Membrane Protein G: Channel Protein H-I: Phospholipid Bi-layer (b) Explain how the properties of molecules A and C cause them to be arranged as shown in the plasma membrane. • When in water the phospholipid (A) is arranged in that particular manner because there are two layers of phospholipids aligned straight. The phosphate

Discuss the role of proteins in cell membrane transport Cell membranes are the barriers and gatekeepers of the cell; they provide overall structure, control the exchange of molecules between the extra and intercellular environments and are the site for many important processes. Cell membranes consist of a phospholipid bilayer where each repeating unit is comprised of two fatty acid tails bound to a phosphate head including a polar group attached to the glycerol region. Due to the amphipathic nature

organisms in our body, but the reality is that without its perfect cellular organization, and essential functions, our body will be fragile, and we would live a short life. The plasma membrane, which is the wall of the cells, are composed of half lipids and half proteins, and about 5 to 10 percent of carbohydrates (Cooper, 2000). The membrane form a phospholipid bilayer, with fluid texture (cytoplasm), and acts like a barrier to protect its components from the outside neighbors, receptor, control